Parasitism was advanced by Delyamure (1955) as a major factor in the natural mortality of cetaceans, and infestation by helminths was implicated strongly as the cause of death in some stranded common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) (Ridgway and Dailey 1972). Severe and irreversible lesions of the skull of dolphins (Stenella spp.) caused by a nematode (Crassicauda sp.) were more prevalent among you...

The cosmopolitan genus Streptocara Railliet, Henry and Sisoff, 1912 (Nematoda: Acuariidae) comprises parasites of the upper alimentary tract aquatic and, rarely, terrestrial birds. Two species are redescribed from Bulgaria by means light scanning electron microscopy: crassicauda (Creplin, 1829), based on specimens Larus genei, minutus (Laridae) Aythya ferina (Anatidae), recta (von Linstow, 1879...

Khuzestan province has the highest rate of scorpion sting in Iran. This is a study to identify these scorpions in Khuzestan. In this study 418 scorpions were kept in the ethyl alcohol 70%, each being studied by stereomicroscopy and diagnosis key separately. 120 (28.7%) Androctonus crassicauda, 104 (24.9%) Hemiscorpius lepturus, 91 (21.7%) Mesobuthus eupeus, 86 (20.65%) Compsobuthus matthiesseni...

background : antivenom is still widely used in the treatment of envenomation as there are no vaccines or other effective agents available against animal venoms. recently, neurotoxins named birtoxin family have been described from parabuthus transvaalicus and androctonus crassicauda. the aim of the present study was to test the antibirtoxin antibodies for their ability to neutralize the lethal e...

In this study, Mesobuthus gibbosus and Mesobuthus eupeus eupeus venom samples were compared for lethality, in-vivo effects and proteins. Neutralization capacity of monovalent Androctonus crassicauda antivenom (RSHA anti-Ac) was tested against the lethal effects of the venoms. Venom was obtained from mature scorpions by electrical stimulation of the telson. The lethality of the venom and potency...

BACKGROUND Scorpions are known as the most widespread poisonous creatures that cause casualties and death to human. They are distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Among the sixteen Iranian Island in the Persian Gulf, Qeshm Island is the biggest and is located in the focus of the important internal and international commercial marinelines. Furthermore, thousands of tourists also visit t...