As heterotrophic respiration (R(H)) has great potential to increase atmospheric CO2 concentrations, it is important to understand warming effects on R(H) for a better prediction of carbon-climate feedbacks. However, it remains unclear how R(H) responds to warming in subtropical forests. Here, we carried out trenching alone and trenching with warming treatments to test the climate warming effect...

The importance of sufficient soil scarification to ensure the regeneration Scots pine on sub-dry and more fertile sites has been emphasized in many studies. Here we aimed study, how site preparation intensity affects early success natural sowing (bare seeds seed pellets) with or without reindeer grazing. study area was located northern Finland Sweden where five methods were compared: unprepared...

Although overstory trees limit the abundance and species richness of herbaceous vegetation in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) plantations, the responsible mechanisms are poorly understood because of confounding among limiting factors. In fall 1998, research was initiated to determine the separate effects of aboveand belowground competition and needlefall from overstory pines on understory...

The mathematical analysis for estimating the performance rate "RP" of chain-type trenching machine was studied. ended with an equation this type. This checked under different operating conditions. practical study showed that deviation theoretical from actual ranged -3.4 to +2% only 150.7 cm and 120.7 trench depth respectively. field efficiency 46.7 57% It also increase in by decreasing depth.

The Fenwei Basin, which has 612 developed ground fissures, is the most concentrated and severe area in China even world for fissure hazards. Jiaocheng Taiyuan Basin known being longest length causing damage impact China. To discover origin of fissure, surveying, trenching, geophysical exploration were used to study its geological basis, developmental characteristics, genetic processes. With a t...