traumatic brain injury (tbi) initiates a cascade of numerous pathophysiological events that evolve over time. despite the complexity of tbi, research aimed at therapy development has almost exclusively focused on single therapies, all of which have failed in multicenter clinical trials. a variety of brain insults, including traumatic brain injury, encephalitis, stroke, and status epilepticus (s...

Acute traumatic brain injury is a worldwide public health crisis. Post-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a finding that is present at a frequency of 40% according to data from American TCDB (1,2). Among the mechanisms that have been implicated as causes of post-traumatic SAH is the cortical bleeding through the subarachnoid space. It is estimated that the incidence of post-traumatic SA...

introduction guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) is an immune-mediated acute inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nervous system. infectious agents were usually accused of playing a role in the etiology of gbs. guillain-barre syndrome has rarely been reported following subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage after head trauma. case presentation we report on a 63-year-old male patient presenting gbs f...

traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death in developed countries. it is estimated that only in the united states about 100,000 people die annually in parallel among the survivors there is a significant number of people with disabilities with significant costs for the health system. it has been determined that after moderate and severe traumatic injury, brain parenchyma is affected by m...

the incidence of traumatic brain injury (tbi) are annually increasing, developed tissue engineering methods could represent the definite remedies for patients with strongly injured central nervous system and have a great effect in the public healthcare cost. the current clinical treatments in tbi display several limitations. furthermore, several therapies, coming from neural tissue engineering ...

neuropsychological approach tries to link behavior with brain functions. one of the structural changes and functional disorders that is, post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd). this impaired memory function, learning, emotional processing and cognitive and structural changes in the brain. various aspects of neuropsychological function have been reported to be abnormal in (ptsd); however, the maj...

the sex hormone progesterone has been shown to improve outcomes in animal models and two early-phase trials involving patients with traumatic brain injury (tbi). the aim of this clinical study was to assess the effect of progesterone on the improvement of neurologic outcome in patients with diffuse and acute tbi. a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial of progesterone was conducted in our...

traumatic brain injury (tbi) results from a sudden and external physical impact to the head, and often leads to motor and cognitive impairment. using tissue engineering strategies, we aimed to review aspects of extra cellular matrix (ecm) based scaffold that could be delivered to the injured brain. the ecm is produced intracellularly and secreted to form a dense network of proteins and glycans,...

catatonia is a syndrome that can be treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ect). hence, onset of catatonia during treatment of patients with ect is not expected. in this manuscript, a schizoaffective disorder patient with a positive history of traumatic brain injury and no consumption of benzodiazepines is being reported, who became catatonic during ect.