This paper applies an evolutionary algorithm, the particle swarm optimization (PSO), to design the optimum open channel section. Depth, channel side slope and bottom width are considered as the variables for rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal channels, respectively. The objective function is minimizing the construction cost of the channel section. MATLAB software is used for programming an...

This study explores heat diffusion effects inmicro-channel heat sinks intended for electronic cooling applications. Detailed analytical models are constructed for heat sinks havingmicro-channels with rectangular, inverse trapezoidal, triangular, trapezoidal, anddiamond-shaped cross sections. Solutions are presented for both monolithic heat sinks and heat sinks with perfectly insulating cover pl...

The effects of cutting edge shapes on the phenomena of rubbing and ploughing in nano-abrasive machining were investigated. The shapes under investigation include flat, spherical and trapezoidal shapes. The tool with the flat end geometry shows a fast initiation of ploughing, because it has the largest surface area to engage more atoms. It doesn’t show rubbing phenomenon at the (initial) depth o...

An algorithm is developed for real-time estimation of the cross-sectional average velocity of a channel flow by using an upwardlooking pulsed wave acoustic Doppler velocity meters (ADVM). The Velocity Contour Weighting Method (VCWM) is applicable to gradu­ ally varied flows in prismatic channels and requires little to no calibration. VCWM estimates the average velocity as a weighted average of ...

the control of hydraulic jump through thin-crested sills in a trapezoidal channel was studied theoretically as well as experimentally. the experiments were conducted in a specially designed stilling basin for 1:1 side slope. the results show that for a given side slope, end sill increases the stability of the jump within the stilling basin. it also causes a 13-15 percent reduction in the length...

ABSTRACT- Measurement of irrigation water in agricultural areas is necessary, especially, in arid and semi-arid regions. Long-throated flumes have been used to measure irrigation water and are known to be inexpensive devices with high performances. In these structures, head-discharge tables are predicted theoretically with no need to calibrate. In this study, the model of LOTF ...

Pressure drop of fully developed, laminar, incompressible flow in smooth mini and microchannels of arbitrary cross-section is investigated. A compact approximate model is proposed that predicts the pressure drop for a wide variety of shapes. The model is only a function of geometrical parameters of the cross-section, i.e., area, perimeter, and polar moment of inertia. The proposed model is comp...

Trapezoidal grooves were arranged in channel sidewalls of the proposed micro-channel heat sinks to enhance transfer for cooling microelectronic systems. The 3-D numerical simulations carried out investigate characteristics fluid-flow and micro-channels. Field structures thermal fluid-flow, Nusselt number, friction factor, f, employed study effects relative groove depth, ?, spacing length, trape...