Linguistics is relevant only to certain restricted and clearly-defined aspects of Mechanical Translation. In particular, the Immediate-Constituent model is relevant to input routines, and the Transformational Model is relevant to output routines. Since these do not cover the most important part of the translation process, a middle stage has to be inserted, even when translating between only two...

The use of textual resources such as text corpora, tree banks, large-scale lexica etc., has become a widely accepted commitment in the field of computational linguistics. However the scope of the annotations proposed has been unbalanced towards the ’surface’ level. Only recently corpora with a deeper level of annotations have started to emerge. In this paper we describe a machine learning appro...

In the general abstracting process (GAP), there are two types of data: textual, within a particularly framed trilogy (surface, deep, and rhetoric); and documentary (abstractor, means of production and user demands). For its development, the use of the following disciplines, among others, is proposed: linguistics (structural, transformational and textual), logic (formal and fuzzy) and psychology...

It is remarkable if any relationship at all persists between computational linguists (CL) and that part of general linguistics comprising the mainstream of MIT transformational-generative (TG) theoretical syntax. If the lines are still open, it represents something of a tribute to CL practitioners’ tolerance — a triumph of hope and goodwill over the experience of abuse — because the TG communit...

Syntactic Structures (Chomsky [6]) is widely believed to have laid the foundations of a cognitive revolution in linguistic science, and to have presented (i) the first use in linguistics of powerful new ideas regarding grammars as generative systems, (ii) a proof that English was not a regular language, (iii) decisive syntactic arguments against contextfree phrase structure grammar description,...

In his Norton Lectures (1973), Bernstein presents a self-styled ‘quasi-scientific’ exposition on an intuitively felt and – purportedly – rationally established ‘musicolinguistics’. By asserting the significance of the harmonic scale as a foundation for an innate musical competence, Bernstein creates a theory of musical grammar ostensibly akin to the transformational generative grammar expounded...

Those of us who have been involved in the study of language have often thrown up our hands in dismay at the complexity of the problem (at least I have, almost daily) and tried somewhat desperately to find some facet of the many-faced gem we confront which appears manageable. This desire to focus to train the flashlights we use to illuminate the problem on a well-circumscribed area led, for exam...

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Sentences a, ith crossing coreference (Bach-Peters-sentences) are notoriously difficult to eq/lain ill a natural nmnner. An intriguing parallel with certain properties of t'mlog suggests a modificatiml to Discour~ Represenlation Thexn'y which allows a simple and coherent explanation of these, and related, sentences. The Probteln In English there is due type of sentence that has caused major pro...

0. This paper presents a novel account of the syntax and semantics of questions, making use of the framework for linguistic description developed by Richard Montague (1974). Certain features of the proposal are based on work by N. Belnap (1963), L. Aqvist (1965), C. L. Baker (1968, 1970), S. Kuno and J. Robinson (1972), C. L. Hamblin (1973), E. Keenan and R. Hull (1973), J. Hintikka (1974), Lew...