CONTEXT Buspirone HCl has very low oral bioavailability (4%) due to deactivation by extensive first pass effect. It also has very limited transdermal permeation due to its high hydrophilicity. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to increase the transdermal permeation of buspirone HCl utilizing a stable dosage form. METHODS Transfersomes were prepared using Tween-80 as a flexibility impartin...

Materials Sodium form of hyaluronic acid (HA, MW, 10 kDa) was a gift of Kolon Life Science, Korea. EDC.HCl (99%) and N-Hydroxy succinimide (NHS, 99%) were purchased from Shanghai Medeep Co., Ltd. Monostearin (glycerol α-monostearate, GMS), Sodium deoxycholate (DOC) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) were purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China). Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was supplied b...

Fungal infections are amongst the most commonly encountered diseases affecting the skin. Treatment approaches include both topical and oral antifungal agents. The topical route is generally preferred due to the possible side effects of oral medication. Advances in the field of formulation may soon render outdated conventional products such as creams, ointments and gels. Several carrier systems ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate L-cysteine-modified transfersomes as the topical carrier for enhanced epidermal delivery podophyllotoxin (POD). L-cysteine-deoxycholic acid (LC-DCA) conjugate synthesized via an amidation reaction. POD-loaded (POD-LCTs) were prepared a thin membrane dispersion method and characterized their particle size, zeta potential, morphology, X-ray diffraction (X...