OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of transdermal ketoprofen in reducing delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), limiting systemic absorption, and improving postexercise function following repetitive muscle contraction. DESIGN Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING OrthoMed, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-two healthy males ...

It is over several decades that ultrasound is used to enhance the transdermal drug delivery (phonphoresis). The mechanism of the enhancement is not fully understood and the ability of ultrasound on the enhancement for some drugs is unclear. The effect of continuous wave 870 KHz ultrasound at intensity of 1 W/cm 2 for 15 minutes on transdermal absorption of piroxicam from solution and gel formu...

Transdermal dosage forms, though a costly alternative to the conventional formulations, are becoming popular because of some unique advantages. Controlled zero-order absorption, simple administration mode and the option of easy removal in case of adverse manifestations make them particularly desirable in cardiovascular therapy. Nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate, the two antiischaemic drugs...

The paper focuses on the advances in the field of pain treatment by transdermal delivery of specific drugs. Starting from a short description of the skin barrier, the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics including absorption, distribution, action mechanism, metabolism and toxicity, aspects related to the use of pain therapy drugs are further discussed. Most recent results on topical anesthetic...

The presence of opioid receptors mu in pathologically changed skin and mucosa justifies application of preparations with morphine salts to obtain topical analgesic activity. Numerous factors associated with the vehicle and therapeutic agent physiochemical properties affect the capability and rate of penetration of a therapeutic substance in the form of a drug into dermis. Promotors of transcuta...

There has been a continuously increased interest during recent years in the use of topical vehicle systems that can enhance drug penetration through the skin barrier into the skin or the systemic circulation. In particular, transdermal drug delivery (TDD) is an attractive alternative to conventional oral and injectable dosage forms. Since its introduction about twenty years ago, TDD has generat...

.........................................................................................................................2 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................6 CHAPTER 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF NOVEL MICRONEEDLE ARRAYS FABRICATED FROM HYALURONIC ACID ................................................................