Differentiated Services (Diffserv) which was proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), is a scalable and robust model for providing the end-to-end QoS. In the Diffserv networks, metering mechanisms are used to measure traffic stream. The single rate Three Color Meter (srTCM) [1],which was proposed by IETF,‏ meters an IP packet stream and marks its packets either green, yellow, or red....

Traditional Knowledge (TK) is essentially culturally oriented or culturally based, and it is integral to the cultural identity of the social group in which it operates and is preserved. “Traditional knowledge” is an open-ended way to refer to tradition-based literary, artistic or scientific works; performances; inventions; scientific discoveries; designs; marks, names and symbols; undisclosed i...

Abstract This article focuses on the ability to protect three non-traditional signs as trade marks in EU: smell (olfactory marks), taste (gustatory marks) and feel (tactile marks). All types of subject matter can meet definition a sign. According majority view literature practice, none currently be represented register with sufficient clarity precision, however. It is argued that veracity findi...