negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching a joint agreement about differing needs or ideas. for successful negotiations, both parties should come to the negotiating table with having done some serious thinking about the barriers to and complexities of cross- cultural communications. there are four phases in negotiations: relationship building, inform...

We consider the problem of efficient opportunistic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks where there are multiple secondary users trying to share access to multiple channels. In our formulation, each user has a potentially different valuation of each channel and wishes to pick a channel in such a way as to maximize its benefit without interfering with other users. There is a fundamental t...

In general, there are two kinds of cooperative driving strategies, planning based strategy and ad hoc negotiation based strategy, for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) merging problems. The planning based strategy aims to find the global optimal passing order, but it is time-consuming when the number of considered vehicles is large. In contrast, the ad hoc negotiation based strategy runs ...

Many real world problems require careful balancing of fiscal, technical, and social objectives. Informed negotiation and balancing of objectives can be greatly aided through the use of evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO) algorithms, which can evolve entire tradeoff (or Pareto) surfaces within a single run. The primary difficulty in using these methods lies in the large number of para...

Recently, ontologies have been developed in various business domains with the recent maturing of the Semantic Web technologies. However, ontology-related researches have largely focused on the facilitation of successful matchmaking but not much on traders’ requirement elicitation and potential negotiations in e-marketplaces. Because ontology provides the key knowledge about the inter-relationsh...

A significant share of classroom interaction occurs between teachers and language learners. Therefore, the individual characteristics of teachers could play facilitative or impeding roles thus encouraging or discouraging learners from getting engaged in interaction and meaning negotiation attempts when interacting with their teachers. Surprisingly however, this area has attracted scant attentio...

We propose and solve a negotiation model of multiple players facing many alternative solutions. The can be generalized to relevant circumstances where stakeholders’ interests partially overlap oppose. also show that the mapped into well-known directed percolation polymers problems. Moreover, statistical mechanics tools, such as Replica method, fruitfully employed. Studying our enlighten links b...