introduction: recent investigations have detected the presence of significant levels of heavy metals (chromium, lead and cadmium) in toys and other pvc products manufactured for children. in some countries, addition of compounds containing toxic metals to toys are limited or prohibited. methods: to evaluate the safety of some of the plastic toys in the city of isfahan with respect to toxic trac...

Toy designers and students may benefit from a universal classification system to communicate and ideate new toy concepts. In this paper, we present two graphical tools that help designers to classify and manipulate toy product concepts. The play pyramid is a three-dimensional map that allows designers to classify a toy concept by placing it in a space between what we believe to be four independ...