Biocontrol using autochthonous Debaryomyces hansenii isolates is a potentially suitable strategy for inhibiting toxigenic moulds in dry-cured meat products. The antifungal activity of 280 D. hansenii isolated from dry-cured meat products as well as the mode of action of the most active isolates against toxigenic penicillia were evaluated in this work. A 13.9% of the D. hansenii isolates showed ...

AIM To provide simple tests that would help in the identification of corynebacteria that produce diphtheria toxin. METHODS A collection of 99 freshly isolated corynebacteria was assembled and the cultures identified by conventional tests confirmed by an identification kit. Modifications were made to procedures for preparation of the culture medium for the Elek test and to the test for detecti...

Yamagishi, Takayoshi (Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan), Shoichi Ishida, and Shoki Nishida. Isolation of toxigenic strains of Clostridium perfringens from soil. J. Bacteriol. 88:646-652. 1964-Strains of Clostridium perfringens were isolated from soil specimens heated at various temperatures for different lengths of time and were toxigenically examined. When higher temperatures were used, fe...

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a food-borne bacterium that causes hemorrhagic diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. While cattle are a known source of E. coli O157:H7 exposure resulting in human infection, environmental reservoirs may also be important sources of infection for both cattle and humans. Bacteriophage-encoded Shiga toxins (Stx) carried by E. coli O157:H7 may provide a sele...

Vibrio cholerae is commonly found in estuarine water systems. Toxigenic O1 and O139 V. cholerae strains have caused cholera epidemics and pandemics, whereas the nontoxigenic strains within these serogroups only occasionally lead to disease. To understand the differences in the genome and clonality between the toxigenic and nontoxigenic strains of V. cholerae serogroups O1 and O139, we employed ...

Vibrio cholerae, is the causative agent of cholera, that infects millions, annually. Chironomids are aquatic insects host V. cholerae. Toxigenic strains produce cholera toxin (CT) which main virulence factor causes symptoms. In contrast to other bacterial pathogens, cholerae produces CT when at low cell densities while hemagglutinin/protease (HAP) a high density-controlled gene. When behavior w...

Background and Aims: Clostridium difficile is an identified cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, antibiotic-associated colitis, pseudomembranous colitis and nosocomial diarrhea. The objective of this survey was to determine molecular analysis of toxigenic Clostridium difficile isolates from hospital environment in Tehran tertiary medical centers. Materials and Methods: In this descriptiv...

Two strains of Aspergillus flavus, non-toxigenic NRRL 6550 and toxigenic NRRL 5940, were studied over a period of 44 days, in order to detect the presence of virus-like particles (VLPs) by means of electron microscopy (EM) and nucleic acids electrophoresis. Only the toxigenic strain contained VLPs, presenting three-segmented dsRNA. An increase in VLPs number was observed during the exponential ...

during one year period from 2010 to 2011 the samples from pneumonic animals were taken and transported to the laboratory. pasteurella multocida were identified in 16.6% of animal by biochemical test. the high incidence of p. multocida was obtained in the south of fars province, where the area was warm region. the mean death time between the isolates was 12-18 and 19-24 hours. only the capsular ...