All aluminium smelter plants discharges high volume extremely toxic electrolytic cell waste known as spent pot liner. Over the years scientists have improvised various methods for disposing these toxic wastes either by diluting with inert material or recovering its carbon value after decontaminating the toxic waste. Present paper outlines conceptual design of a commercial treatment plant which ...

With the increasing of plastics content in solid waste, both municipal and industrial, also increases the interest in its use as an energy source. Some of these wastes are an important potential source of energy and might be valorized using the pyrolysis or gasification processes. However, the presence of high chlorine contents in its composition prevents its management by a thermal process, as...

Fish wastes have great potential as a source of high valued organic carbon for methane production but also have limitation (high content of ammonia nitrogen). Anaerobic treatment of fish wastes is possible with co-digestion. The main issue for co-digestion process lies in balancing several parameters in the co-substrate mixture: macroand micronutrients, C:N ratio, pH, toxic compounds, biodegrad...

The different types of mineral industries wastes are characterized. Total tonnage in the world of finely ground wastes from i.a. flotation and leaching operations amounts to around 1 500 million tons per annum. The major environmental problems arise from slowly settling fine particles, dissolved metal ions and chemicals retained in the effluent. The paper discusses the toxic effects of dissolve...

Objective: Dental solid wastes often contain hazardous substances. The first step of management of dental solid wastes includes detection and classification of these substances. This study aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the management of solid wastes by dental offices in Urmia city in 2013. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on all private dental offices in Urmia...

The concept of microbiological leaching have played a greater role to recover valuable metals from various sulfide minerals or low grade ores during the middle era of twentieth century and that continued till the end of the century. Slowly, due to depletion of ore/minerals, and implementation of stricter environmental rules, microbiological leaching process has been shifted for its application ...

The term bioremediation has been introduced to describe the process of using biological agents to remove toxic waste from environment. Bioremediation is the most effective management tool to manage the polluted environment and recover contaminated soil. The hazardous wastes generated from the chemical processes/operations are being treated using physico-chemical and biological methods by the re...

Agricultural wastes have great potential for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. The contamination of water by toxic heavy metals is a worldwide environmental problem. Unlike organic pollutants, the majority of which are susceptible to biological degradation, heavy metals do not degrade into harmless end products. Discharges containing cadmium, in particular, are strictly con...