Background: Aflatoxins are fungal toxins which may be present in some foods and due to their negative health effects, represent a major concern for humans and food industries. In the present study, total aflatoxin contamination in products from eight feed materials production centers located in Qom City of Iran were evaluated by an ELISA technique in November 2012. Methods: A total of 40 feed...

Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic polyketide metabolites produced by certain fungal species, including Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Many internal and external factors, such as nutrition and environment affect aflatoxin biosynthesis; therefore, we analyzed the transcriptome of A. flavus using expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a normalized cDNA expression library constructed from ...

Butylated hydroxytoluene pretreatment in the rat enhanced the total in vitro metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by the hepatic postmitochondrial fraction (S-9) and increased the formation of aflatoxin M1, aflatoxin Q1 and a metabolite tentatively identified as the aflatoxin-glutathione conjugate, the latter being the major metabolite produced. Addition of diethyl maleate, a glutathione depletor, to the...

In this study, a total of 100 mouldy cheese samples were collected from randomly selected markets from 5 different cities of Turkey during October and November. Samples were analyzed for aflatoxin M1 by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in 52 samples and their levels ranged from 10.6 to 702 ng/kg. The widespread presences of aflatoxin M1 in mou...

Aspergillus parasiticus RCMB 002001 (2) producing four types of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 was used in this study as an aflatoxin-producer. Penicillium griseofulvum, P. urticae, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Trichoderma viride, Candida utilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as a non-toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus were found to be able to exhibit growth on aflatoxin B1-containing medium u...

background: aflatoxins are fungal toxins which may be present in some foods and due to their negative health effects, represent a major concern for humans and food industries. in the present study, total aflatoxin contamination in products from eight feed materials production centers located in qom city of iran were evaluated by an elisa technique in november 2012. methods: a total of 40 feed s...

background: aflatoxins cause health hazards to human and animals and has also economical problems. therefore, the de­toxification effect of citric acid was investigated in rice as the main food of iranian people. methods: initially 275 samples of rice were examined for aflatoxins by hplc. the aflatoxins contaminated samples were later treated by aqueous citric acid and detoxification of aflatox...

The metabolism of aflatoxin B, has been investigated in male rhesus monkeys given i.p. injections of a mixture of ring-labeled aflatoxin B!-'4C and nonradioactive toxin, at a total dose of 0.4 mg/kg. Thirty-five % of the administered radioactivity was excreted in urine within 96 hr. The excretion rate reached a maximum 1 hr after dosing and then fell rapidly, but urine excreted after 96 hr stil...

Aflatoxin, a mycotoxin found commonly in maize and peanuts worldwide, is associated with liver cancer, acute toxicosis, and growth impairment in humans and animals. In Tanzania, sunflower seeds are a source of snacks, cooking oil, and animal feed. These seeds are a potential source of aflatoxin contamination. However, reports on aflatoxin contamination in sunflower seeds and cakes are scarce. T...

Aflatoxins B! and G,, in single doses, were lethal and had similar relative potencies in the duckling (50% lethal dose, 0.73 mg/kg versus 1.18 mg/kg) and in the rat (50% lethal dose, 1.16 mg/kg versus 2 to 4 mg/kg). Aflatoxins B2 and G2 were less potent in the duckling (50% lethal dose, 1.76 mg/kg versus 2.83 mg/kg) and were nontoxic to rats at doses of 200 mg/kg. Aflatoxin BI induced hepatocel...