Cognitive Science research is hard to conduct, because researchers must take phenomena from the world and turn them into laboratory tasks for which a reasonable level of experimental control can be achieved. Consequently, research necessarily makes tradeoffs between internal validity (experimental control) and external validity (the degree to which a task represents behavior outside of the lab)...

Format specifications of data input are critical to model-based fuzz testing. Present methods cannot describe the format accurately, which leads to high redundancy in testing practices. In order to improve testing efficiency, we propose a grammar-driven approach to fuzz testing. Firstly, we build a formal model of data format using higher-order attribute grammars, and construct syntax tree on t...

Cognitive Science research is hard to conduct, because researchers must take phenomena from the world and turn them into laboratory tasks for which a reasonable level of experimental control can be achieved. Consequently, research necessarily makes tradeoffs between internal validity (experimental control) and external validity (the degree to which a task represents behavior outside of the lab)...

A total of 12 well-characterized strains of Actinomyces viscosus and A. naeslundii grown on Trypticase soy agar plates supplemented with sheep erythrocytes were examined by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy after treatment with appropriately labeled antisera to homologous and heterologous strains. Cells incubated with homologous rabbit antisera followed by fluorescein-isothi...

Linear indexed type systems have been used to ensure safety properties of programs with respect to dierent kinds of resources; examples include usage analysis [10], implicit complexity [3], and more. Linear indexed types use a type-level index language to describe resources and linear types to reason about the program's resource usage in a compositional way. A limitation of current analysis tec...

Abstract Program sensitivity measures the distance between outputs of a program when run on two related inputs. This notion, which plays key role in areas such as data privacy and optimization, has been focus several analysis techniques introduced recent years. Among most successful ones, we can highlight type systems inspired by linear logic, pioneered Reed Pierce Fuzz programming language. In...

Surface nanostructuring enables the fabrication of materials with highly desirable properties. Nanostructured tungsten surfaces have potential applications in solar water splitting. Exposing a polished surface to helium plasma induces various morphological changes. Depending on ion energy, temperature, and fluence, clusters, bubbles foam-like nanostructures develop surface. In this study, were ...

Helium plasma irradiation to various metals leads peculiar morphology changes as forming fiberform nanostructures called fuzz when a certain set of conditions is satisfied. In this Tutorial, we overview experimental observations about the growth process, conditions, rate, etc. on tungsten (W), and observed other metals. The mechanism, open questions growth, current understandings these issues a...