Topical anesthetics play an important role in the practice of ophthalmology, both for procedures in the office and in the operating room. The need for safe, long-acting topical ocular anesthetic agents is ongoing, and has been highlighted by the increase of intravitreal administration of pharmacologic agents. Current practices for ocular anesthesia include subconjunctival injection of 2% aqueou...

BACKGROUND Brimonidine tartrate is a highly selective alpha 2 agonist that induces direct vasoconstriction of small arteries and veins, thereby reducing vasodilation and edema. OBJECTIVE To review the current literature regarding the safety, efficacy, and patient acceptability of brimonidine 0.33% gel. METHODS A PubMed search was performed using the terms brimonidine 0.33% gel, rosacea, saf...

AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface/mineral changes on enamel before and after the application of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel, fluoride enhanced hydroxyapatite gel and propolis in conjunction with carbon-dioxide (CO2) laser. MATERIALS AND METHODS Crowns of 40 human maxillary central incisors were collected and were divided into four groups of 10 each: Topical flu...

BACKGROUND Topical or systemic antiviral drugs reduce the duration of genital herpes recurrences but may not always alleviate functional symptoms. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of oxygenated glycerol triesters-based CS21 barrier genital gel(®) vs. topical aciclovir and placebo (vehicle) in resolving functional symptoms and in healing of genital herpes recurrences. METHODS A p...

BACKGROUND Poor adherence to topical therapy in psoriasis remains an issue; it is associated with poor clinical outcomes, reduced quality of life and increased costs. Treatment-related factors leading to poor adherence include lack of efficacy, excessive time applying medication and poor cosmetic characteristics (e.g. slow absorption, greasiness). OBJECTIVE To assess the topical treatment att...

Liposomal carriers, eminent for their potential in topical drug delivery have been chosen to help embedding of nystatin molecules in the skin layers. The objective of present study was to develop and carry out rheological investigations of nystatin liposomal gel by using optimization technology in terms of 2 factorial design. In this study attempts have been made to formulate liposomal dispersi...

The present study was aimed to develop topical gel of Curcumin which enhances the bioavailability & permeation with the help of combination of polymers which will be useful in further drug delivery. Polymers plays major role in various characterization parameters of topical gel such as in vitro release and rheological properties. A stable, elegant formulation of curcumin gel was successfully pr...

This study compared the therapeutic effect of flax seed oil topical gel and hand splint in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. This study was a randomized clinical trial. Forty-nine patients, 96 hands, with mild to moderate idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome were divided into 2 groups randomly. One group was treated by topical gel and the other group by hand splint. Intensity of symptoms an...

Laser– assisted permanent hair removal iscommonly performed for the treatment of unwantedhair. This procedure is usually associated withpain and pain reduction has an important role inthe success of this treatment. A common methodof reducing pain is to use topical analgesics . Amixture of lidocaine and prilocaine (EMLA) is acommonly used and very effective topical anesthetic.Another agent is di...