expansin proteins are a type of cell-wall loosening proteins which able to cell wall expansion in ph-dependent manure without hydrolyze of main cell wall structures. the arabidopsis expa1 exhibit guard cell specific expression and trigger the stomatal movements. the objectives of this study were to transfer the atexpa1 gene into tobacco plants and evaluate their phonotypic effects on transforme...

Evaporation of water from the guard cell wall concentrates apoplastic solutes. We hypothesize that this phenomenon provides two mechanisms for responding to high transpiration rates. First, apoplastic abscisic acid is concentrated in the guard cell wall. Second, by accumulating in the guard cell wall, apoplastic sucrose (Suc) provides a direct osmotic feedback to guard cells. As a means of test...

There are many di-erent kinds of guards in a simple polygon that have been proposed and discussed. In this paper, we consider a new type of guard, boundary guard, which is a guard capable of moving along a boundary of a polygon and every interior point of the polygon can be seen by the mobile guard. We propose an algorithm to 1nd the shortest boundary guard of a simple polygon P in O(n log n) t...

pursue crime as a calling, although by their dexterity and good fortune they had been able to elude the proof of any specific offence. This charge drew public attention to an extent for which I was not prepared. By those best acquainted with the class to be held in check, and with their manifold inflictions on society, I believe I may venture to state that it met with acceptance; but having bee...

A microstrip structure with a narrow return plane generates large common-mode radiation. The guard trace attached near the signal line can reduce common-mode radiation. In general, the guard trace needs a lot of via connections to the return plane for keeping the guard trace grounded. The guard trace with long intervals of vias causes resonance and additional radiation. We propose a novel techn...

introduction tongue is one of the most important organs in the oral cavity which has significant roles in different functions such as speaking, mastication, swallowing, breathing, etc. the tongue may be influenced by internal diseases sooner than other organs and also may be involved in some abnormalities that some are developmental and some of them are genetical and environmental. this study h...

The paper proposes a GUARD (GUide, Alarm, Recovery, and Detection) system for the blind. The main goal of the GUARD system is to construct an obstacle-aware wireless sensor network and provide guide, alarm, recovery, as well as detection functions for the blind to guarantee his safety and convenience at Tamkang University. Some hardware components as well as communication and management protoco...