Tobacco products which are used in a way other than smoking are known as smokeless tobacco. The most common smokeless tobaccos are chewing tobacco, naswar, snuff, snus, gutka, and topical tobacco paste. Any product which contains tobacco is not safe for human health. There are more than twenty-five compounds in smokeless tobacco which have cancer causing activity. Use of smokeless tobacco has b...

Smokeless tobacco is used orally or nasally without burning tobacco. This is equally harmful as smokers due to the tobacco content and can cause oral cancer as well as systemic effects such as nicotinic dependence. Many other oral conditions have also been reported in association with smokeless tobacco. This paper presents features of tobacco pouch keratosis and aims to highlight the oral effec...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The prevalence of tobacco use and its associated mortality is increasing worldwide. Biomarkers in saliva, such as thiocyanate levels, have been shown to be a suitable indicator for smoking. The present study is conducted to determine the thiocyanate levels in saliva and compare them among tobacco (smoking and smokeless) users, passive smoker...

BACKGROUND The term 'hardcore' has been applied to use of smoking tobacco and generally referred to as the inability or unwillingness of regular smokers to quit. The component constructs of hardcore except nicotine dependence are product neutral. With the use of 'time to first chew' as a measure of nicotine dependence, hardcore definition can be extended to characterize smokeless tobacco users....

Despite the well-known health risks associated with smokeless tobacco use, much is unresolved with respect to effective treatment for use of this substance. The present study examined the impact of a nicotine-free smokeless tobacco substitute and confectionary chewing gum on craving, withdrawal, and anxiety among 24 smokeless tobacco users following 24 hours of nicotine abstinence and a laborat...

BACKGROUND Smokeless tobacco consumption is one of the causes of oral cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among male students of Zahedan universities and associated factors in 2012. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 431 students were selected from the universities of Zahedan using multi-stage random cluster sampling...

BACKGROUND Snus (a form of smokeless tobacco) is less dangerous than cigarettes. Some health professionals argue that snus should be promoted as a component of a harm reduction strategy, while others oppose this approach. Major US tobacco companies (RJ Reynolds and Philip Morris) are marketing snus products as cigarette brand line extensions. The population effects of smokeless tobacco promotio...

In 2005, approximately 2.3% of U.S. adults used smokeless tobacco. Moist snuff leads all types of smokeless tobacco in revenues and marketing expenditures. The U.S. Surgeon General has concluded that smokeless tobacco use can lead to nicotine addiction. The National Toxicology Program of the National Institutes of Health has classified smokeless tobacco as a human carcinogen. Tobacco-specific n...

To cite: Mallikarjuna R, Gangwal RR, Shanthraj SL, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2012008319 DESCRIPTION Tobacco is a risk factor for six of the eight leading causes of deaths in the world and kills up to one-half of its users. Tobacco use can result in a number of oral diseases. Oral cancer, periodontitis 4 compromised wound healing, a red...

Bidis and smokeless tobacco are the cheapest, least taxed and most commonly used tobacco products in India. They are highly addictive and high in carcinogens. They cause a broad spectrum of diseases; yet awareness about their ill-effects is low. Smokeless tobacco products containing arecanut, e.g. gutka and mawa, are especially addictive and carcinogenic. The high incidences of oral and lung ca...