introduction there is a special competition among many metropolitansfor improving physical and semantic quality of urban landscape to upgrade their positions in global level and attract more tourists. based on such characteristics, one of the important goals of metropolitan management planners of the society is to develop open populated spaces and make leisure centers. urban spaces development ...

In this study we explore the possible role of phenotypic plasticity in the process of adaptation and evolutionary change in the African cichlid Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor victoriae. Parental fish were collected from a hypoxic swamp, a lake ecotone, and a river in Uganda. Broods (F1) were split and grown under hypoxia or normoxia. We measured morphological parameters of the gill apparatus, str...

The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is considered an efficient converter of poor quality forages into high quality milk and meat. This species is ubiquitous, with prevalence though in Asian and Mediterranean countries. From a genetic standpoint, the species is characterized by two main subspecies: river and swamp type. The former to be found predominantly in Mediterranean countries, whereas the...

background: gavkhooni marsh is one of the most important marshes in iran. in the recent years, natural conditions of this marsh have been affected by agricultural and industrial activities in zayandehrood river catchment areas. this research was carried out in 2006 to assess some chemical parameters and the heavy metals concentration in water, soil, and plants in the area and to compare the res...

The objective of this study was to compare milk protein, amino acid and fatty acid content and composition among two breeds of river buffalo (Murrah and Nili-Ravi), and their hybrid F1 and F2 (crossbreeding with local swamp buffalo). The protein and fat content in milk from crossbreed F1 and F2 were significant higher than that of river buffalo, but the milk yield was still lower than Nili-Ravi...

Objective: Zayandehrood habitat has economical and environmental importance in central plateau of Iran    and it performs a vital role for habitants, agriculture section and the industries which are located along river bed. So current research  has been done to measure the contamination of heavy metals, its changes along the river route and defining the important and effective regions on this c...

Objective: Zayandehrood habitat has economical and environmental importance in central plateau of Iran    and it performs a vital role for habitants, agriculture section and the industries which are located along river bed. So current research  has been done to measure the contamination of heavy metals, its changes along the river route and defining the important and effective regions on this c...

The Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza georgiana nigrescens) was originally described from a small number of specimens from the tidal marshes of the Nanticoke River in southeastern Maryland. Based on our quantitative analysis of a larger series of specimens, we found that Swamp Sparrows collected during the breeding season from the Chesapeake and Delaware bays (and tributaries) and near the...