The dynamics of the densities of epidermal thionin-positive cells (putative mast cells) in the skin of brown trout fry were investigated during experimental infections with the skin parasites Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora) and Gyrodactylus derjavini (Monogenea). It was shown that the metachromatic thionin-stained cells were extremely sensitive to parasite exposure, as the density of ...

agrobacterium tumefaciens is capable to transfer genes across kingdoms. it can genetically transform not only plant cells, but also many other bacterial, algal, fungal, animal and human cells. this depends on the interactions among a variety of both agrobacterium and host genes. inside the host cell, rad52 which is involved in dna repair is a key gene determining integration of t-dna by homolog...

Elaborating on a classification proposed by Temin (21) a few years ago, we can divide avian RNA tumor viruses into 4 groups, depending on their transforming interactions with host cells in culture and the types of tumors they induce in animals (Table 1). The strongly transforming viruses include all strains of RSV,2 both those derived from Rous's original isolate and relatively recent isolates....

Background: Oat (Avena sativa) with high nutritive value and fiber content is used as the main food grain in many countries for human diet as well as animal feed. Recently, it became difficult to transfer new genes through the conventional breeding due to the lack of desirable traits. Objectives: The current study aimed at achieving a st...

polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) are chlorinated biphenyl rings that due to their properties such as heat resistance and stability were widely used in different industries from 1920s to 1980s. due to their characteristics such as stability, resistance to decomposition and harmful effects on human health, their production was banned in 1980s., worldwide contamination of water and soil with pcbs ...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small defense proteins present in various organisms. Major groups of AMPs include beta-barrelin, hevein, knottin, lipid transfer protein (LTP), thionin, defensin, snakin, and cyclotide. Most plant AMPs involve host plant resistance to pathogens such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria, whereas a few plant AMPs from the cyclotide family carry insecticidal functions....

ABSTRACT- In order to produce transgenic rice lines lacking selectable marker gene, biolistic co-transformation technique using gold nanoparticles was adopted. In the first step, the efficiency of different sizes of gold particles was evaluated. The results showed that the efficiency of the nanoparticles in the transformation was comparable to that of the micro particles. Subsequently, two sepa...