Email: [email protected] [email protected] References Simulating global illumination demands for solving the lighting integral of a surface point. Ambient Occlusion (AO): pro: appealing approximation of local occlusion con: no directional information (static gray shadows) Screen Space Directional Occlusion (SSDO) [Ritschel09]: pro: combination of occlusion sampling a...

Day lighting is one of the important qualitative factors in housing, which is also effective on health and well-being of occupants. Extensive glass surfaces and Transparency in building facades provides good daylight quantity for interior spaces. However, this lighting system is not appropriate for climates faced with higher sunlight radiation (Such as hot-humid areas), due to overheating and d...

This paper describes the results deriving from a survey, carried out at regional level about the implementation of safety prevention in agriculture. The main physical, chemical, and biological hazards connected to cattle and pig breeding, important zootechnical activities in Lombardy, were detected and quantified. In particular, the results related to the quantification of risks due to noise, l...

The details of doing a Monte Carlo direct lighting calculation are presented. For direct lighting from multiple luminaires, a method of sending one shadow ray per viewing ray is presented, and it is argued that this is preferable for scenes with many luminaires. Some issues of the design of probability densities on unions of luminaire surfaces are discussed.

For high-bay and outdoor lighting fixtures, the cost of LED driver electronics is reported to be 17 percent of the total fixture cost. An additional 40 percent of the fixture cost comes from the mechanical, thermal and electrical portions of the fixture [1]. These portions help support the weight and volume of the LED driver, as well as protect the driver against surge events, such as lightning...

A major challenge of designing a bioregenerative life support system for Mars is the reduction of the mass, volume, power, thermal and crew-time requirements. Structural mass of the greenhouse could be saved by operating the greenhouse at low atmospheric pressure. This paper investigates the feasibility of this concept. The method of equivalent system mass is used to compare greenhouses operate...

Using of natural lighting has come into prominence in constructed buildings, especially in last ten years, under scope of energy efficiency. Natural lighting methods are one of the methods that aim to take advantage of day light in maximum level and decrease using of artificial lighting. Increasing of day light amount in buildings by using suitable methods will give optimum result in terms of c...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: COB package Silicon sub-mount LED package Thermal resistance In this paper, the cost of a light emitting diode (LED) package is lowered by using a silicon substrate as the base attached to the chip, in contrast to the conventional chip-on-board (COB) package. In addition we proposed an LED package with a new structure to promote reliability and lifespan by maximi...

Future Lighting Solutions the company behind the spotlight We are the market leader in LED based lighting solutions. Accelerate your next project with our engineering expertise. From design to concept to production, Future Lighting Solutions works with customers across the globe to deliver superior, future-proof lighting solutions. Through our partnership with Philips Lighting, we'll help you i...

Light emitting diodes, LEDs, historically have been used for indicators and produced low amounts of heat. The introduction of high brightness LEDs with white light and monochromatic colors have led to a movement towards general illumination. The increased electrical currents used to drive the LEDs have focused more attention on the thermal paths in the developments of LED power packaging. The l...