Thermodynamics is defined as the science of energy and entropy which are applicable to all fields of science and engineering. This special issue is essentially devoted to the entropy generation in thermal engineering systems and applications. Entropy generation is one of the most significant problems to overcome to optimize a system/process and its performance, and this will unfortunately remai...

The formula for the entropy density of black-body radiation is given in Lecture Notes 7. The derivation of this formula has been left to the statistical mechanics course that you either have taken or hopefully will take. For our purposes, the important point is that the early universe remains very close to thermal equilibrium, and therefore entropy is conserved. The conservation of entropy appl...

The formula for the entropy density of black-body radiation is given in Lecture Notes 6. The derivation of this formula has been left to the statistical mechanics course that you either have taken or hopefully will take. For our purposes, the important point is that the early universe remains very close to thermal equilibrium, and therefore entropy is conserved. The conservation of entropy appl...

The present paper presents a thermodynamic approach to assess the quality of human-thermal environment interaction and quantify thermal comfort. The approach involves development of entropy generation term by applying second law of thermodynamics to the combined human-environment system. The entropy generation term combines both human thermal physiological responses and thermal environmental va...

The formula for the entropy density of black-body radiation is given in Lecture Notes 7. The derivation of this formula has been left to the statistical mechanics course that you either have taken or hopefully will take. For our purposes, the important point is that the early universe remains very close to thermal equilibrium, and therefore entropy is conserved. The conservation of entropy appl...

We developed a technique to compute structural entropy directly from protein sequences. We explored the possibility of using structural entropy to identify residues involved in thermal stabilization of various protein families. Examples include methanococcal adenylate kinase, Ribonuclease HI and holocytochrome c(551). Our results show that the positions of the largest structural entropy differe...

A numerical investigation of entropy generation in laminar forced convection of gas flow over a backward facing step in a horizontal duct under bleeding condition is presented. For calculation of entropy generation from the second law of thermodynamics in a forced convection flow, the velocity and temperature distributions are primary needed. For this purpose, the three-dimensional Cartesian co...

We study Rényi entropy of locally excited states with considering the thermal and boundary effects respectively in two dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs). Firstly, we consider locally excited states obtained by acting primary operators on a thermal state in low temperature limit. The Rényi entropy is summation of contribution from thermal effect and local excitation. Secondly, we mainl...

The entropy generation based on the second law of thermodynamics is investigated for turbulent forced convection flow of ZrO2-water nanofluid through a square pipe with constant wall heat flux. Effects of different particle concentrations, inlet conditions and particle sizes on entropy generation of ZrO2-water nanofluid are studied. Contributions from frictional and thermal entropy generations ...