هدف: تخمین شناختی تلاش برای ارائه یک پاسخ معقول براساس اطلاعات در دسترس است. هدف از این مطالعه طراحی آزمون و بررسی روایی، پایایی مقادیر هنجار آن روش: 643 نفر دانشجویان دانشگاه شهید بهشتی انجام شد. آزمون‌های شده حاضر، مرتب کردن کارت­‌های ویسکانسین، رنگ واژه استروپ حافظه فعال چند محرک پیشین به عنوان آزمون­‌های کارکرد اجرایی همزمان ارزیابی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. همبستگی پیرسون روایی همزمان، تی مق...

When I think about— members of my own staff who are incredibly committed, in monogamous relationships, same-sex relationships, who are raising kids together. When I think about— those soldiers or airmen or marines or— sailors who are out there fighting on my behalf— and yet, feel constrained, even now that Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell is gone, because— they’re not able to— commit themselves in a marri...

We should employ a strategy to test an industrial product line. Testing products individually is redundant for product lines since the products share a considerable amount of code. This document makes a decision that can be presented to industry about which product line testing strategy they should employ based on the best available evidence out there. Industry can use the evidence to decide on...

To study the cognitive role that tangible objects play in design thinking, we gave 17 architects and novice students a set of blocks and asked them to design their dream house. Although the blocks seem simple they are filled with perceptual surprises. We regard manipulating blocks as a form of physical thinking because through interaction designers increase the dimensionality of their design sp...

I wish to defend two claims in this paper. My first claim has two parts. First, I argue that there is a physical and social world out there which exists in a way that is independent of how we, as observers, represent it. In this sense, there is an objective reality. Following John Searle, I call this the claim of external realism. Note that this is an ontological claim. It says nothing about wh...

When we look up into the sky, it is hard not to think about how vast the universe is. Our universe is estimated to contain around 100 billion galaxies with each galaxy having around 100 billion stars. And most of those stars are expected to harbor planets. That is a mind-boggling number of stars and possible planets. This leads inevitably to questions about whether there is life on planets orbi...

1 I n t r o d u c t i o n The problem we address in this paper is that of a machine vision system with two cameras, sometimes called a stereo rig, to which no thro~-dimensional metric information has been made available. The only information at hand is contained in the two images. We assume that this machine vision system is capable, by comparing these two images, of establishing correspondence...

As an introduction, I want to contrast two general traditions in semantics, one realistic and one cognitive. According to the realistic approach to semantics the meaning of an expression is something out there in the world. In technical terms, a semantics for a language is defined as a mapping from the syntactic structures to things in the world (or in several possible worlds). Often meanings a...