valuation is one of the main subjects in investment management which plays an important role in efficient capital allocation. valuation has become an important subject since supreme leader addressed the 44th principal of constitutional law. considering many problems which have arrised in valuation and stock pricing by privatization organization during resent years,it is essential to pay more at...

“grand policies” are based on philosophical foundation of political regimes, and they are related with strategic problems of political system. because of philosophical nature and strategic level of grand policies, it is recommended that they have not to be numerous. in iranian political system, official structure of policy making procedure begins by the expediency council. this council, accordi...

“grand policies” are based on philosophical foundation of political regimes, and they are related with strategic problems of political system. because of philosophical nature and strategic level of grand policies, it is recommended that they have not to be numerous. in iranian political system, official structure of policy making procedure begins by the expediency council. this council, accordi...

The authority of a leader is enhanced when her commands or recommendations for action are obeyed. The authority of a leader is also enhanced when her commands are "principled" based on good reasons and therefore the leader is seen to be acting in the interests of her followers. But for a leader interested in maintaining her authority, there is often a con ict between these strategies. For examp...

qasāma is one of the proofs for homicide, which will be reliable in case of the existence of lawth (strong suspicion). there are two major views on how it is implemented. in sum, the first view deems as necessary swearing fifty oaths by fifty people; however the second view deems as sufficient swearing of fifty oaths by the claimant for proving the crime. the second view is a generally accepted...

By considering the supreme-utilities among fuzzy sets and the weights among participants simultaneously, we introduce the supreme-weighted value on fuzzy transferable-utility games. Further, we provide some equivalent relations to characterize the family of all solutions that admit a potential on weights. We also propose the dividend approach to provide alternative viewpoint for the potential a...

This essay honours Mary-Anne Elizabeth Plaatjies-Van Huffel. It focuses on her role as a leader and decision-maker. The discusses the notion of virtuous decision-making. A brief description is offered virtue. Thereafter, seven virtues, faith, hope, love, wisdom, moderation, fortitude justice are discussed. Justice portrayed Summum Bonum, supreme good ultimate goal. In seeking in church world, H...

Founded after the triumph of Islamic Revolution, Corps Revolutionary Guard Iran has evolved far beyond its original foundations as an ideological guardian nascent revolutionary regime. Today, it functions a socio-political-economic conglomerate, whose influence extends to all areas Iranian life. Its members have articulated vision Republic that they feel committed defending, becoming guarantors...