to examine hydraulics of lnapls in soil, the retention curves of diesel fuel and water were both determined by hanging column method. the soil retention parameters were obtained based on van genuchten, brooks-corey and campbell’s models. in addition, the soil hydraulic conductivity for both fluids were predicted based on mualem- brooks-corey, burdine- brooks-corey, mualem-van genuchten and camp...

We have proposed an improved method for calculating surface tension of liquid-vapour interface based on the thermodynamic route. This method combines the central difference scheme used in the test-area method and the Bennett weighting factor. This improved method shows faster convergence than the test area method as the weighting factor reduces the asymmetric bias of two perturbations. In addit...

We have measured the effect of tension on dimerization kinetics of the channel-forming peptide gramicidin A. By aspirating large unilamellar vesicles into a micropipette electrode, we are able to simultaneously monitor membrane tension and electrical activity. We find that the dimer formation rate increases by a factor of 5 as tension ranges from 0 to 4 dyn/cm. The dimer lifetime also increases...

BACKGROUND In the bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and osteoblasts form functional niches for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. This microenvironment can be partially mimicked using in vitro co-culture systems. In this study, we examined the oxygen tension in three distinct compartments in a co-culture system of purified CD34(+) cells and mesenchymal stromal cells with regard to dif...

The steady, axisymmetric flow induced by a point sink (or source) submerged in an inviscid fluid of infinite depth is computed and the resulting deformation of the free surface is obtained. The effect of surface tension on the free surface is determined and is the new component of this work. The maximum Froude numbers at which steady solutions exist are computed. It is found that the determinin...