BACKGROUND Tenofovir has been associated with a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). However, data on changes in BMD after discontinuing tenofovir are lacking. METHODS We performed a two-centre randomized pilot study in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients receiving tenofovir with osteopenia/osteoporosis (OsteoTDF study, ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT 01153217). Fifty-four patient...

The rise in didanosine concentrations in plasma when given with tenofovir raises concern for a high risk of toxic effects. Recommendations to reduce didanosine dose have been issued, but only for adults weighing more than 60 kg. We reviewed cases of pancreatitis in patients receiving didanosine plus tenofovir, didanosine alone, and tenofovir alone to assess the incidence of and risk factors for...

OBJECTIVE The CAPRISA 004 trial showed that coitally dosed tenofovir 1% gel reduced HIV acquisition by 39% overall and 54% when used consistently. The objective of this analysis was to ascertain its pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship to protect against HIV acquisition. DESIGN Genital and systemic tenofovir concentrations in 34 women who acquired HIV (cases) were compared with 302 ra...

HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has demonstrated efficacy in 4 studies: 1) the CAPRISA 004 trial of pericoital administration of 1% tenofovir gel showed moderate (39%) efficacy in reducing risk of HIV acquisition in young women; 2) the iPrEx trial of daily oral emtricitabine/tenofovir had moderate (44%) efficacy in reducing risk of HIV acquisition among high-risk men who have sex with men (M...

BACKGROUND Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a novel prodrug of tenofovir that shows enhanced antiretroviral effect and reduced plasma tenofovir exposures at approximately one-tenth the clinically approved dose of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Tenofovir released from TDF undergoes active renal secretion via organic anion transporters (OAT1 and OAT3), leading to higher exposure of renal prox...

BACKGROUND Tenofovir gel, used vaginally before and after coitus, reduced women's acquisition of HIV by 39%. This is a safety assessment of tenofovir gel, including renal, bone, gastrointestinal, genital and haematological parameters. METHODS In the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) 004, a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial, 445 of the 889 elig...

BACKGROUND Tenofovir alafenamide is a prodrug that reduces tenofovir plasma concentrations by 90% compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, thereby decreasing bone and renal risks. The coformulation of rilpivirine, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide has recently been approved, and we aimed to investigate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of switching to this regimen compared with ...

Proteinuria was observed in 27% of 153 patients taking tenofovir for more than 1 year. Concomitant protease inhibitor therapy and cumulative tenofovir exposure were independently associated with proteinuria in this cohort. Proteinuria was reversible in 11 of 12 patients who ceased tenofovir because of proteinuria without altering other medications. Clinicians should be aware that tenofovir can ...

Tenofovir is the active metabolite of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), a commonly used antiretroviral agent in HIV treatment and in HIV preexposure prophylaxis. After a long-term exposure, TDF is associated with kidney impairment. In the D:A:D study cohort of HIV-infected patients (22 603 HIV-infected patients with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 90 ml/min per 1.73 m), ...

BACKGROUND According to guidelines all HIV-HBV-coinfected patients should receive tenofovir-based combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). We aimed to investigate uptake and outcomes of tenofovir-based cART among HIV-HBV patients in the EuroSIDA study. METHODS All hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)+ patients followed up after 1 March 2002 were included. Changes in the proportion taking ten...