The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system has been implicated in cell migration, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix synthesis and tissue remodelling. However, little is known about the role of the system in tendon healing. We used a rat Achilles tendon model to study mRNA and protein expression of uPA and its receptor (uPAR) during tendon healing using immunohistochemical, Northern ...

BACKGROUND Calcium phosphate (CaP)-hybridization of tendon grafts has been shown to improve tendon-to-bone healing. The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of different tendon graft placement methods on tendon-to-bone healing using CaP-hybridized tendon grafts in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions in rabbits. METHODS We compared two methods of tendon graft placeme...

BACKGROUND Tendon is a mechanical tissue that transmits forces generated by muscle to bone in order to allow body motion. The molecular pathways that sense mechanical forces during tendon formation, homeostasis and repair are not known. EGR1 is a mechanosensitive transcription factor involved in tendon formation, homeostasis and repair. We hypothesized that EGR1 senses mechanical signals to pro...

Tendon-to-bone healing after rotator cuff repair surgery has a failure rate of 20%-94%. There has been a recent interest to determine the factors that act as determinants between successful and unsuccessful rotator cuff repair. Vitamin D level in patients is one of the factors that have been linked to bone and muscle proliferation and healing, and it may have an effect on tendon-to-bone healing...

This review highlights recent research on Achilles tendon healing, and comments on the current clinical controversy surrounding the diagnosis and treatment of injury. The processes of Achilles tendon healing, as demonstrated through changes in its structure, composition, and biomechanics, are reviewed. Finally, a review of tendon developmental biology and mechano transductive pathways is comple...

Despite advances in surgical techniques over the past three decades, tendon repairs remain prone to poor clinical outcomes. Previous attempts to improve tendon healing have focused on the later stages of healing (i.e., proliferation and matrix synthesis). The early inflammatory phase of tendon healing, however, is not fully understood and its modulation during healing has not yet been studied. ...

A histologically normal insertion site does not regenerate following rotator cuff tendon-to-bone repair, which is likely due to abnormal or insufficient gene expression and/or cell differentiation at the repair site. Techniques to manipulate the biologic events following tendon repair may improve healing. We used a sheep infraspinatus repair model to evaluate the effect of osteoinductive growth...

Tendon healing remains a slow process due to less blood supply compared to many other tissues. In previous studies, propolis was shown to modify collagen types I and III accumulation at wound healing site and positively affected wound healing however, no study has shown the effects of propolis on tendon healing. We aimed to investigate the effect of propolis on tendon healing. Twenty eight male...

Tendon-bone incorporation of a tendon graft within the bone tunnel is a major concern when using a tendon graft for ligament reconstruction. Successful anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with a tendon graft requires solid healing of the tendon graft in the bone tunnels. Improvement of graft healing to bone is crucial to facilitate early and aggressive rehabilitation and a rapid ret...