AIM To determine the effect of overexpression of fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) on regulatory T cell (Treg) and effector T (Teff) cell function on T cell-induced colitis in Rag1-/- mice. METHODS Treg and Teff cells from fgl2-/-, fgl2+/+, and fgl2Tg mice were purified by FACS. They were studied in vitro for immunosuppressive activity and cell proliferation and in vivo for their effects on th...

Bu çalışmada teff unu ve transglutaminaz (TG) enzimi kullanılarak üretilen ekmeklerin bazı kimyasal, tekstürel duyusal özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Buğday (kontrol), buğday unu+teff unu, unu+ TG olmak üzere 4 farklı şekilde ekmek üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Teff ununa 1:3 oranında katılmıştır. enzim oranı 100 ppm olarak kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta içeren gluten oranının daha düşük olması nedeni i...

OBJECTIVE The balance between Treg and effector T cells (Teff) is crucial for immune regulation in JIA. How MTX, the cornerstone treatment in JIA, influences this balance in vivo is poorly elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate quantitative and qualitative effects of MTX on Treg and Teff in JIA patients during MTX treatment. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were obtained from JI...

Recent photometry of L and T dwarfs revealed that the infrared colors show a large variation at a given effective temperature and, within the framework of our Unified Cloudy Model (UCM), this result can be interpreted as due to a variation of the critical temperature (Tcr) which is essentially a measure of the thickness of the dust cloud. In our previous applications of the UCMs, we assumed tha...

Influenza infections have high frequency and morbidity in HIV-infected pregnant women, underscoring the importance of vaccine-conferred protection. To identify the factors that determine vaccine immunogenicity in this group, we characterized the relationship of B- and T-cell responses to pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) vaccine with HIV-associated immunologic and virologic characteristics. pH1N1 and seaso...

Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) is currently thought to be the most specific marker for naturally occurring CD4(+)CD25(+) T regulatory cells (nTregs). In mice, expression of FoxP3 is strictly correlated with regulatory activity, whereas increasing evidence suggests that in humans, activated T effector cells (Teffs) may also express FOXP3. In order to better define the role of FOXP3 in human Teff cells,...

CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells play a major role in peripheral tolerance. Multiple environmental factors and cell types affect their biology. Among them, activated effector CD4(+) T cells can boost Treg cell expansion through TNF or IL-2. In this study, we further characterized this effector T (Teff) cell-dependent Treg cell boost in vivo in mice. This phenomenon was observed w...

One of the major challenges to identification of the 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 lm interstellar infrared (IR) emission bands with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)molecules has been the recent detection of these bands in regions with little ultraviolet (UV) illumination, since small, neutral PAHmolecules have little or no absorption at visible wavelengths and therefore require UV photons ...

cAMP signalling is both a major pathway as well as a key therapeutic target for inducing immune tolerance and is involved in Treg cell (regulatory T-cell) function. To achieve potent immunoregulation, cAMP can act through several downstream effectors. One proposed mechanism is that cAMP-mediated suppression, including immunosuppression by Treg cells, results from activation of PKA (protein kina...