sights into host–microbe interactions. Our report confirms a novel Borrelia IGS sequence type detected in situ from 2 relapsing fever patients. This species showed greatest homology with the relapsing fever borreliae from Africa, B. recurrentis and B. duttonii, but not with B. microti, which is transmitted by O. erraticus ticks, previously believed to be the only soft tick species in this regio...

To the Editor: Although tickborne relapsing fever (TBRF) may be caused by ≈20 Borrelia species (1), it is rarely diagnosed in travelers returning from the tropics (2). Approximately 20 travel-related cases have been published in the past 25 years, and most of them have been acquired in western Africa (mainly Senegal), where Borrelia crocidurae is the predominant species (3). All reported cases ...

In North America, tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is caused by the spirochete species Borrelia hermsii, Borrelia parkeri, and Borrelia turicatae. We previously demonstrated that some isolates of B. hermsii and B. parkeri are capable of binding factor H and that cell-bound factor H can participate in the factor I-mediated cleavage of C3b. Isolates that bound factor H expressed a factor H-bindi...

objective: relapsing fever caused by borrelia persica is an acute tick-borne disease which is transmitted by soft ticks of ornithodoros tholozani to human. the disease is reported from middle east and many regions of iran. detection of infection is problematic since the suspected infected ticks should be fed on animal hosts such as guinea pigs and subsequently after 7-14 days, the animal blood ...

background: relapsing fever caused by borrelia persica , is an acute tick-borne disease which is transmitted by soft ticks of ornithodoros tholozani to human.     methods: value of pcr and xenodiagnosis for detection of b. persica in o. tholozani ticks was compared. sixty-four bor­relia -free ticks were fed on infected guinea pigs and used for the experiments. for xenodiagnosis, a group of 32 t...

Vector-borne diseases represent a threat to human and wildlife populations and mathematical models provide a means to understand and control epidemics involved in complex host-vector systems. The disease model studied here is a host-vector system with a relapsing class of host individuals, used to investigate tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF). Equilibrium analysis is performed for models with i...

Relapsing fever is caused by the Borrelia species of spirochetes. Louse-borne epidemics of the disease may happen but the endemic disease is generally transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tick (Ornithodorus). Clinical and laboratory findings of tick-borne relapsing fever in children in the north-west of Iran, Qazvin, were evaluated. This study was conducted from September 1992 to Se...

several areas of Texas (4–6). The ecologic setting of the military exercises was predictable for high-risk exposure to the tick vector. TBRF attack rates >22% have been reported for group settings with sequelae severe enough to warrant hospitalization (7,8). Military training groups in Israel have declared certain caves off limits because of heavy tick presence (9) and have prophylactically adm...

The importance of tick-borne diseases is increasing all over the world, including Turkey. Global warming, environmental and ecological changes and the existence of suitable habitats increase the impact of ticks and result in frequent emergence or re-emergence of tick-borne diseases (TBDs) with zoonotic characteristics. In Turkey, almost 19 TBDs have been reported in animals and men, involving f...

OBJECTIVE Early studies by Friedman et al. have demonstrated the value of staging obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients for the prediction of success for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) on the basis of short-term follow up. The goal of this study is to test the value of this staging system in a prospective study. STUDY DESIGN This is a prospective study of two cohorts of...