Parsing is the process of determining the parses of an input string according to a grammar. In this chapter we will restrict ourselves to context-free grammars. Parsing is related to recognition, which is the process of determining whether an input string is in the language described by a grammar or automaton. Most algorithms we will discuss are recognition algorithms, but since they can be str...

Tabular expressions have been successfully used in developing safety critical systems, however insufficient tool support has hampered their wider adoption. To address this shortfall we have developed the Tabular Expression Toolbox for Matlab/Simulink. An intuitive user interface allows users to easily create, modify and check the completeness and disjointness of tabular expressions using the AT...

Analyses of areal variations in the subsidence and rebound occurring over stressed aquifer systems, in conjunction with measurements of the hydraulic head fluctuations causing these displacements, can yield valuable information about the compressibility and storage properties of the aquifer system. Historically, stress-strain relationships have been derived from paired extensometer/piezometer i...

The water balance calculation and water quality are very important matters in the groundwater management. The water balance includes two parameters: input and output parameters. The input parameter is consisted from surface recharge (precipitation, irrigation return water, surfaces runoff recharge) and underground inflow (flow from adjacent aquifers). The underground inflow is an important fact...

Aquifer information carried by aquifer test data may be affected by the presence of a finite thickness skin around the wellbore. The mathematical treatment for an aquifer accounting for the skin zone can be characterized by five parameters, that is, the outer radius of the skin zone and the transmissivity and storativity for each of the skin and aquifer zones. Sensitivity analysis was performed...

Groundwater in coastal areas is commonly disturbed by tidal fluctuations. A two-dimensional analytical solution is derived to describe the groundwater fluctuation in a leaky confined aquifer system near open tidal water under the assumption that the groundwater head in the confined aquifer fluctuates in response to sea tide whereas that of the overlying unconfined aquifer remains constant. The ...

Mathematics notation contains a variety of tabular structures, including matrices, lists of expressions in a derivation, stacked limit expressions in a summation, and conditional expressions in a function definition. Tabular structures are particularly difficult to recognize in handwritten mathematics notation, due to irregular placement and sizing of symbols. In this paper we briefly survey pr...

The Yazd-Ardakan basin in Central Iran has two separated aquifers. The shallow unconfined aquifer is supplies 40 Qanats. The deep saturated confined aquifer is the main water storage. Due to over-withdrawal, water table has been decreasing during last 25 years. Recent study shows that the shortage of the aquifer is about 16 meters and land subsidence is 0.5 1.2 meters. Long deep cracks are foun...

Abstract The effects of changes in climate on aquifer storage and groundwater flow to rivers have been investigated using an idealized representation of the aquifer/river system. The generalized aquifer/river model can incorporate spatial variability in aquifer transmissivity and is applied with parameters characteristic of Chalk and Triassic sandstone aquifers in the United Kingdom, and is als...