The system GMM estimator developed by Blundell and Bond (1998) for dynamic panel data models has been widely used in empirical work; however, it does not perform well with weak instruments. This paper proposes a variation on the system GMM estimator, based on a simple transformation of the dependent variable. Simulation results indicate that, in finite samples, this transformed system GMM estim...

Article history: Received 23 October 2010 Received in revised form 4 January 2012 Accepted 6 January 2012 Available online 14 January 2012 JEL classification: F10 F12 F14 F16 L22 J24

Social Spending Generosity and Income Inequality: A Dynamic Panel Approach This paper explores if more generous social spending polices in fact lead to less income inequality, or if redistributive outcomes are offset by behavioral disincentive effects. To account for the inherent endogeneity of social policies with regard to inequality levels, I apply the System GMM estimator and use the presum...

Several rounds of banking reforms in China have aimed to increase the competitive condition and further enhance stability in the Chinese banking sector, while the joint effects of competition and risk-taking behaviour on the profitability in the banking sector have not been studied well enough so far in the literature. The current study contributes to the empirical literature by testing the imp...

This paper derives consistent standard errors for a panel Tobit model in the presence of correlated errors. The problem is framed in the context of Newey and West (1987), considering the Tobit model as a special case of a GMM estimator. JEL codes: C23, C24

We exploit the distributional information contained in high-frequency intraday data in constructing a simple conditional moment estimator for stochastic volatility di usions. The estimator is based on the analytical solutions of the rst two conditional moments for the integrated volatility, which is e ectively approximated by the quadratic variation of the process. We successfully implement the...

This paper develops a new asymptotic theory for two-step GMM estimation and inference in the presence of clustered dependence. The key feature of alternative asymptotics is the number of clusters G is regarded as small or fixed when the sample size increases. Under the small-G asymptotics, this paper shows the centered two-step GMM estimator and the two continuously-updating GMM estimators we c...

The Journal of Economic Literature codes classification system (JEL) published by the American Association (AEA) is de facto standard for research literature in economics. JEL used to classify articles, dissertations, books, book reviews, and working papers EconLit, a database maintained AEA. Over time, it has evolved extended with over 850 subclasses. This paper reviews history development sys...

according to the literature, economic liberalization is an important factor affecting the intra industry trade (iit). present paper is trying to examine the positive effect of economic liberalization on iran’s iit as well as to review the effectiveness of important components of economic liberalization including privatization, trade liberalization, exchange rate liberalization and financial lib...

In this paper I estimate empirical growth models simultaneously considering endogenous regressors and model uncertainty. In order to apply Bayesian methods such as Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to dynamic panel data models with predetermined or endogenous variables and fixed effects, I propose a likelihood function for such models. The resulting maximum likelihood estimator can be interpreted ...