Abstract This paper provides an overview of various research e orts that aim at designing adaptive animats i e synthetic animals able to survive in synthetic worlds The control architectures of these animats are either programmed by a human designer or more or less automatically determined by means of nature mimicking processes such as learning evolution and develop ment The paper concludes wit...

The richness and versatility of biological systems make them ideally suited to solve some of the world's most significant challenges, such as converting cheap, renewable resources into energy-rich molecules; producing high-quality, inexpensive drugs to fight disease; and remediating polluted sites. Over the years, significant strides have been made in engineering microorganisms to produce fuels...

A genome synthesized entirely from scratch has been used to replace the native genome of a living cell, thus creating a new cell. This achievement marks a new frontier in synthetic biology to design and create genomes for organisms with few genetic tools and for applications in areas of energy, health care and the environment.

Metamaterials based on mechanical elements have been developed over the past decade as a powerful platform for exploring analogs of electron transport in exotic regimes that are hard to produce real materials. In addition enabling new physics explorations, such developments promise advance control acoustic and metamaterials, consequently enable capabilities controlling sound energy. Here, we de...