the aim of this paper is to project extreme precipitation events in an arid and a semiarid station. in order to project climate change based on general circulation models (gcms), we have applied lars-wg[1] downscaling tool. this stochastic weather generator down-scaled the climate of two synoptic stations using hadcm3 model and a2 emission scenario for 2040. we extracted extreme precipitation e...

the main aim of the current paper is to discuss the important effective variables, particularly synoptic patterns, in creating flood in masoule basin using flood discharge data in komadoul station during 20 year period (1984-2003). to achieve the aim, daily average and instantaneous maximum of discharge in mentioned station were used. data accuracy was done using the data for chomesghal station...

Simplifications used in regional climate models decrease the accuracy of the regional climate models. To overcome this deficiency, usually a statistical technique of MOS is used to improve the skill of gridded outputs of the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models. In this paper, an experimental synoptic-climatology based method has been used to calibrate, and decrease amount of errors in GFS...

PURPOSE Estimating wind chill index as one of the indexes effective in body comfort, specifically for athletes and tourists interested in winter sports. METHODS Meteorology data including temperature and the percentage of relative humidity of 6 synoptic stations of Chaharmahal-Bakhtiyrai province, Iran from 1990 to 2007 were extracted from Iranian Meteorology Site. In order to calculate the v...

Several ANN models were developed to prediction of monthly precipitation data in Mashhad synoptic station. From the total 636 monthly precipitation data (from 1958 to 2008), 580 data has been used for training networks and the rest selected randomly has been used for validation of the models. To extract the precipitation dynamic of this station by ANN, a new approach of three-layer feed-forward...

The present work aims at examining the association of nighttime temperature inversions and synoptic-scale circulation in the Athens basin. Temperature inversions have a direct impact in the diffusion and transport of pollutants, a fact that highlights the importance of investigating their cause effect relationship. For this purpose, randiosonde measurements from the upper-air station in Hellini...

abstract process of evapotranspiration (eto) is a major component of the hydrologic cycle that its accurate estimation plays an important role to achieve sustainable development in water balance, irrigation system design and planning and management of water resources. being a function of different metrological parameters and their interactions, evapotranspiration is a complex, nonlinear phenome...

“In SOSAA, the horizontal wind velocity (u and v), temperature (T ), specific humidity (qv), turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and the specific dissipation of TKE (ω) are computed every time step (10 s) by prognostic equations. In order to represent the local to synoptic scale effects, u, v, T and qv near and within the canopy are nudged to local measurement data at SMEAR II station with a nudging...