This review presents the synergistic effect in the catalytic system of ionic liquids (ILs) for the synthesis of cyclic carbonate from carbon dioxide and epoxide. The emphasis of this review is on three aspects: the catalytic system of metal-based ionic liquids, the catalytic system of hydrogen bond-promoted ionic liquids and supported ionic liquids. Metal and ionic liquids show a synergistic ef...

There have been suggestions that the genetically obese rat has abnormal thyroid function [1,2]. It is also known that while the obese rat shows various physiological and metabolic abnormalities normally associated with hypothyroidism, it also has other defects that are not generally found in hypothyroid animals. Like the hypothyroid rat, which shows decreased oxygen consumption in adipose tissu...

Introduction: Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting older individuals with signs of motor disability and cognitive impairment. Epicatechin (EC) and edaravone have neuroprotective effects most probably due to their antioxidant activity; however, a limited number of studies have considered their role in PD. This research aimed at investigating the ne...

The e-bidding platform of electric enterprise group purchase business is regard as a complex system of interrelated economic, organizational, social and elements as well as the external and internal information flows of a company. Getting positive synergistic effect is one of the important factors for the enterprise group procurement business innovation. The paper showcase the synergistic effec...

background: radon and its short-lived decay products are considered as the important sources of public exposure to natural radioactivity. the synergistic interaction between tobacco smoking and radon is known to be an actual problem. this study has provided a mathematical description and prognosis of the carcinogenic effects after combined action of radon with smoking. materials and methods: a ...

The synergistic effect of 18-crown-6 derivatives, such as 18-crown-6 (18C6), cis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DC18C6) and dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6), on the extraction of trivalent lanthanoids (Ln(3+)) into an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (Htta) was investigated. The extractability of lighter Ln(3+) was enhanced by ad...

the paper showcase the synergistic effect framework and apply it to a study on electricity energy groups of internet bidding platform on B2B supply business. We enumerate electricity grid enterprise group’s purchase system. Since 2006, by setting up the multi-layer purchase system based on internet. Chinese energy enterprise group began to adopt internet supply platform and take full advantage ...

acute renal failure is one of the side effects while using intravenous immunoglobulins. this complication is also observed with iodinated contrast media. herein, we describe a patient with acute renal failure who received intravenous immunoglobulins and iodinated contrast media concomitantly. both drugs are responsible for osmotic nephrosis. the same effect on renal cells may explain a synergis...