Background and aimsHeterogeneous high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, which can contain hundreds of proteins, affect human health disease through dynamic molecular interactions with cell surface proteins. How HDL mediates its long-range signaling functions various types is largely unknown. Due to the complexity HDL, we hypothesize that multiple receptors engage particles resulting in condi...

Glutamatergic synapse size remodeling is governed not only by specific activity forms but also by apparently stochastic processes with well-defined statistics. These spontaneous remodeling processes can give rise to skewed and stable synaptic size distributions, underlie scaling of these distributions and drive changes in glutamatergic synapse size "configurations". Where inhibitory synapses ar...

Diverse biological data may be used to create illustrations of molecules in their cellular context. I describe the scientific results that support a recent textbook illustration of the neuromuscular synapse. The image magnifies a portion of the synapse at one million times, showing the location and the form of individual macromolecules. Results from biochemistry, electron microscopy, and X-ray ...

Synapse>Valentine by Jacoob Druckman was conceived as a single electroacoustic work. The first half, Synapse is the electronic portion, and the second half, Valentine, is the acoustic portion. Synapse is often omitted in public performances. Beginning with a brief overview of Druckman’s career and works, this paper examines the practice of omitting the electronic Synapse and presents evidence t...

elements, which do not anastomose, and that nervous action is made by contacts ‘at the level of certain apparatuses or dispositions of engagement’. Camillo Golgi (1842–1926) maintained that he could identify intracellular neurofibrils in nerves with his silver technique and that these extended from one nerve bulb to the next providing a continuous anastomosis. Cajal and Golgi shared the Nobel P...

Neuromorphic computing architecture is considered to be a highly desirable next-generation as it simulates the way brain processes information. The basic device supporting such an called artificial synapse, which possesses synapse-like functionalities. Here in this work, Au–TiO2 composite thin film (Au nanoparticles embedding into TiO2 matrix) based memristive synapse has been fabricated with e...

The authors and journal retract the article, “Achievement of Gradual Conductance Characteristics Based on Interfacial Phase-Change Memory for Artificial Synapse Applications” [...]