The sunßower midge, Contarinia schulzi Gagné (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a pest of cultivated sunßower (Helianthus annuus L.). Larval feeding can cause damage and yield loss to the sunßower head. Adult emergence is extended and larvae are well protected in the sunßower receptacle, making chemical control methods difÞcult and expensive. Sunßower midge enter sunßower Þelds at the edges but Þeldw...

We present the Wrst study of the eVects of ocean acidiWcation on settlement of benthic invertebrates and microfauna. ArtiWcial collectors were placed for 1 month along pH gradients at CO2 vents oV Ischia (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Seventy-nine taxa were identiWed from six main taxonomic groups (foraminiferans, nematodes, polychaetes, molluscs, crustaceans and chaetognaths). Calcareous foraminifer...

Abstract Among over 20,000 species of Annelida, only two branching with a highly modified body-pattern are known until now: the Syllidae Syllis ramosa McIntosh, 1879, and Ramisyllis multicaudata Glasby et al. (Zoological Journal Linnean Society, 164, 481–497, 2012). Both have unusual ramified bodies one head multiple branches live inside canals host sponges. Using an integrative approach (combi...

The world-wide fauna of the genus Cardiocondyla is assessed to have 79 currently recognized species and subdivided into 14 informal groups plus three monotypical clades. It argued that phylogenetic placement next Ocymyrmex Emery, 1886 as proposed by Blaimer et al. (2018) doubtful. main body paper a species-level taxonomic revision those six one clade which their centers origin in Oriental Austr...

 While occasional insect pests of cultivated sunflowers may be managed by conventional or reducedrisk insecticides, the cumulative costs and risks of relying on insecticides to suppress perennial or severe pests (common in North America) call for exploration of broader pest management strategies.  Recent research with the sunflower moth (Homoeosoma electellum [Pyralidae]) and banded sunflower...

Originally published in 1967, John H Day’s work ‘A monograph on the Polychaeta of southern Africa’ is still used widely to identify polychaetes. However, ongoing taxonomic revisions have revealed that several putative cosmopolitan or locally widespread taxa contained are complexes species with discrete distributions, globally and locally. This study therefore aimed develop lists taxa, including...