BACKGROUND Classification of menopausal status is important for epidemiological and clinical studies as well as for clinicians treating midlife women. Most epidemiological studies, including the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN), classify women based on self-reported bleeding history. METHODS The Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study developed an algorithm using men...

in the february 2006 in two wetlands in northern iran, the mortality among wild swans was observed. paralysis was the most prominent feature of the disease. histologically, diffused necrosis of acinar cells in pancreas, degeneration and necrosis of some neurons in central nervous system (cns), sever necrotic and hemorrhagic enteritis, foci of haemorrahge and myocardial cell necrosis in the hear...

The Black Swan Theory was described by Nassim Nicholas Taleb in his book "The Black Swan". This theory refers to "high-impact, hard-to-predict, and rare events beyond the realm of normal expectations". According to Taleb's criteria, a Black Swan Event is a surprise, it has a major impact and after the fact, the event is rationalized by hindsight, as if it had been expected. For most of human hi...

Swan neck thumb deformity can be caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, tendon transfers and paralytic diseases. Abductor pollicis longus is one of the major stabilizing tendon of the carpometacarpal joint of thumb. To the best of our knowledge, swan neck thumb deformity owing to division of abductor pollicis longus tendon is rare. In this article, we desc...

Rac GTPases are key regulators of cell shape and cytoskeletal organization. While some regulators of Rac activity are known, such as GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that repress Rac activity, other Rac regulators remain to be identified. The novel Caenorhabditis elegans WD-repeat protein SWAN-1 was identified in a yeast two-hybrid screen with the LIM domains of the Rac effector UNC-115/abLIM....

Difficulty of reading scholarly papers is significantly reduced by reader-friendly writing principles. Writing reader-friendly text, however, is challenging due to difficulty in recognizing problems in one’s own writing. To help scholars identify and correct potential writing problems, we introduce SWAN (Scientific Writing AssistaNt) tool. SWAN is a rule-based system that gives feedback based o...

We define a numerical invariant, the differential Swan conductor, for certain differential modules on a rigid analytic annulus over a p-adic field. This gives a definition of a conductor for p-adic Galois representations with finite local monodromy over an equal characteristic discretely valued field, which agrees with the usual Swan conductor when the residue field is perfect. We also establis...

An earlier version of this article was originally submitted for publication in early 2000 to introduce a new dimensional of concept of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) provided by the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD-symptoms and Normal-behavior (SWAN) rating scale. The SWAN was developed to correct some obvious deficiencies of the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (SNAP) rating scale th...

Difficulty of reading scholarly papers is significantly reduced by reader-friendly writing principles. Writing reader-friendly text, however, is challenging due to difficulty in recognizing problems in one’s own writing. To help scholars identify and correct potential writing problems, we introduce SWAN (Scientific Writing AssistaNt) tool. SWAN is a rule-based system that gives feedback based o...

302 Dr Harold James Charles “Jeremy” Swan was born in the small town of Sligo, Ireland, on 1 June 1922. He was the son of two Catholic doctors in a family of four brothers. As a young boy he attended St. Vincent College in Dublin, where his education was interrupted when he lapsed into a coma after being diagnosed with meningitis, a commonly fatal disease in the days before penicillin. His life...