This study examines the work capacity of older adults in Japan. First, we estimate the relationship between a variety of health indicators and work status. Work status is divided into full-time work, part-time work, and retired for those in their 50s who are not yet age-eligible for public pension benefits. Then, we simulate work capacity for those in their pension-eligible 60s and the first ha...

This paper assesses whether the UK public finances were sustainable for the period 1919 to 2001 using a nonlinear representation of the debt to GDP ratio and thus provides a more robust test of debt sustainability. Empirical evidence supports debt sustainability. Moreover, the ESTAR representation is evidence that sustainability is the result of active debt management rather than tax-smoothing....

We analyze the implications of several principles related to the concept of equal (and prioritarian) entitlement to continued life. These principles, when modeled as axioms for the evaluation of health distributions, and combined with some other structural axioms, provide several characterization results of focal population health evaluation functions. JEL numbers: D63, I10.

what are the main success factors of microfinance institutions in providing financial services to poor people in a sustainable manner? in this article we try to answer this question. in one hand, we analyze the core compatibility between microeconomics of asymmetric information, transaction cost and risk, and new different operational mechanisms applied by microfinance institutions. on the othe...

In a dynamic general equilibrium model we explictly consider the relationship between the product attributes ’durability’ and ’recyclability’. Both efficiency and sustainability aspects are taken into account. It turns out (a) that durability may be inefficient even in a perfectly competitive economy in which environmental externalities are absent, (b) that in case where markets for product des...

The Journal of Economic Literature codes classification system (JEL) published by the American Association (AEA) is de facto standard for research literature in economics. JEL used to classify articles, dissertations, books, book reviews, and working papers EconLit, a database maintained AEA. Over time, it has evolved extended with over 850 subclasses. This paper reviews history development sys...

We examine how labor immigration affects public pensions under centralized wage setting. We show that immigration improves the sustainability of pay-as-you-go pensions if and only if total employment declines. This occurs if the labor demand elasticity exceeds the unemployment rate. JEL-Classification: F22, H55, J51

No Country for Fat Men? Obesity, Earnings, Skills, and Health among 450,000 Swedish Men The negative association between obesity and labor market outcomes has been widely documented, yet little is known about the mechanisms through which the association arises. Using rich and unique data on 450,000 Swedish men enlisting for the military, we find that the crude obesity penalty in earnings, which...

An allocation rule that prioritizes registered donors increases the willingness to register for organ donation, as laboratory experiments show. In public opinion, however, this priority rule faces repugnance. We explore the discrepancy by implementing a vote on the rule in a donation experiment, and we also elicit opinion poll-like views. We find that two-thirds of the participants voted for th...

Why Do Some Motorbike Riders Wear a Helmet and Others Don’t? Evidence from Delhi, India We focus on helmet use behavior among motorbike users in Delhi. We use a detailed data set collected for the purpose of the study. To guide our empirical analysis, we rely on a simple model in which drivers decide on self-protection and self-insurance. The empirical findings suggest that risk averse drivers ...