atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent permanent arrhythmia. it may be associated with other cardiac pathologies which need surgical treatment. various types of surgery including the traditional cut-sew operations and operations using different energy sources are currently in use. in comparison with medical treatment, surgery is safe, effective, and has reliable results.

  Abstract   Background: Different methods of surgical treatment for acromioclavicular(AC)   joint injury were considered in the literature. The purpose of the study was to compare intra- articular AC repair technique with the extra-articular coracoclavicular repair technique for the patients with Rockwood type III and VAC joint injury when indicated.   Methods: Nineteen consecutive patients wi...

purpose: to evaluate the outcomes of surgery for cicatricial ectropion in labbafinejad hospital, tehran, iran. methods: this existing data study was conducted on the hospital records of 84 patients who underwent eyelid surgery because of cicatricial ectropion. results: z-plasty was the most frequent method among 9 techniques. of 92 eyelids, 60 (65%) were completely corrected. the most frequent ...

osteosarcoma may rarely originate from the axial bones such as pelvis or vertebrae. in some pelvic and most vertebral primary tumors, resection often is not possible completely. in general, these tumors cannot be resected with negative margins so they need additional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but results are unfavourable because of poor local control and high incidence of distant metastase...

approximately 20% of caustic ingestions result in some degree of esophageal injury. alkaline materials are the most frequent corrosive materials ingested.     the physical form and ph of ingested materials play a critical role in the site and type of gastrointestinal injury (ph > 12 or ph < 1.5, crystalline drain cleaners). unlike alkaline solutions, strong acids are bitter, burn on contact and...

abstract   background: different methods of surgical treatment for acromioclavicular(ac) joint injury were considered in the literature. the purpose of the study was to compare intra- articular ac repair technique with the extra-articular coracoclavicular repair technique for the patients with rockwood type iii and vac joint injury when indicated.   methods: nineteen consecutive patients with r...

of the startling and sensational events in medical practice of the century. Yet in actual fact the story only goes back twelve years: for it was in 1939 that Gross in Boston successfully ligatured a patent ductus arteriosus, an operation which proved to be the advent of great things to come. It is not my intention here to go into the surgical details of the operations which are nowadays perform...

introduction: pyogenic granuloma (pg) is a common tumor-like growth of the oral cavity, considered to be of non-neoplastic nature, often caused by constant low-grade trauma as well as poor oral hygiene and maybe due to hormonal disturbances. surgical excision, and removal of underlying cause in some cases, is the preferred method of treatment as it is only a benign lesion. in order to remove th...