baha’ al-dawlah razi was one of the most important physicians in safafid dynasty in iran. he wrote his large medical book, kholasat al-tajarob at 1501 ad. he worked as physician in the courts of two dynasties, teimurid and safavid. he had interesting innovations and findings in surgery, immunology and also in treatment. as examples, we can note to his description of pertussis and also his oral ...

Overall manual accuracy and motion frequency in simulated microsurgery have been studied. Eye surgeons were tested in two tasks: attempting to hold an instrument still, and repeatedly actuating. Rms error and overall motion range were measured. Spectral analysis was also performed. The average rms error was 49 μm and 133 μm, respectively, for the two test conditions, and the average range of mo...

This article presents a systematic approach for interpreting a craniofacial CT scan that is clinically useful to the reconstructive surgeon. By categorizing the fracture patterns and highlighting the variables that may affect fracture management, the radiologist can expand his interpretation of the fracture pattern into a clinically useful diagnosis that may affect fracture management.

BACKGROUND The thermal burn is accidental and also is the hidden and worst complication of medical plaster application. This study evaluated clinical and aetiological profile and severity of plaster burns. METHODS In Department of Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery from 1st August 2014 to 31st December 2015, six patients with plaster burn were assessed for total body surface area and ...

The Oxford Dictionary gives the meaning of the noun Casualty as an accident, mishap or disaster. The adjective is casual, meaning accidental, irregular, undesigned, Unemotional, careless. I had chosen the title for this lecture before I read the dictionary and because the term "Casualty Surgeon" has been very close to me for many years. Now I know that when your Secretary asked me to speak to t...

Cocaine has so far held the field as the only satisfactory drug for surface anaesthesia in eyesurgery, but its toxic effect has always limited its use, and it is not often that the mydriasis and the slight paresis in accommodation that it produces are welcomed. Besides, the difficulty experienced in keeping an account of its use in conformity with the excise regulations has always made the eye ...

Background: Perianal abscesses remain one of the most frequent surgical cases encountered by both general and colorectal surgeons. The use of broad-spectrum empirical antibiotics for perianal abscesses after drainage also remains Journal Information

AIM To develop a system for routine monitoring of visual outcome after cataract surgery. METHODS Staff from eight eye centres in Asia and Africa defined the data collection form and report formats to be used for monitoring visual outcome after cataract surgery. Several operational research questions were raised and methods developed to address them. The system was field tested for 6 months an...