This study determined some spectral characteristics and relationship between Landsat spectral reflectance and soil surface color in the arid region of Iran (Kashan). The study carried out in the kashan area that covers 90000 ha. Consisting of mountain, hills and flood plain. Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data collected on July 2002 were used for this research. The color composite images produ...

The upper few millimeters of soil harbour photosynthetic microbial communities that are structurally distinct from those of underlying bulk soil due to the presence of light. Previous studies in arid zones have demonstrated functional importance of these communities in reducing soil erosion, and enhancing carbon and nitrogen fixation. Despite being widely distributed, comparative understanding ...

Row structure causes the anisotropy of microwave brightness temperature (TB) of soil surface, and it also can affect soil moisture retrieval accuracy when its influence is ignored in the inversion model. To study the effect of typical row structure on the retrieved soil moisture and evaluate if there is a need to introduce this effect into the inversion model, two ground-based experiments were ...

[1] Climate model prediction skill is currently limited in response to poor land surface soil moisture state initialization. However, initial soil moisture state prediction skill can potentially be enhanced by the assimilation of remotely sensed near-surface soil moisture data in off-line simulation. This study is one of the first to evaluate such potential using actual remote sensing data toge...

today's, adverse effects of off-site erosion, namely damages received from sediment, is a serious bioenvironmental problem. one of the methods for temporary soil stabilization before permanent rehabilitation of vegetation cover, especially on slopes, for mitigating of bioenvironmental contaminants, is using materials having property to cementate the dispersed particles on the soil surface....

The upcoming deployment of satellite-based microwave sensors designed specifically to retrieve surface soil moisture represents an important milestone in efforts to develop hydrologic applications for remote sensing observations. However, typical measurement depths of microwave-based soil moisture retrievals are generally considered too shallow (top 2–5 cm of the soil column) for many important...

residues on the soil surface to retard soil erosion, insulate the soil, and conserve soil moisture. This residue consists of leaves, leaf sheaths, ear husks, and stalks of corn that decompose very slowly on the soil surface. The relationship of surface residue to corn diseases can be divided into two categories: (1) a source of inoculum of disease-causing organisms, and (2) environment modifica...