Refraction at a smooth interface is accompanied by momentum transfer normal to the interface. We show that corrugating an initially smooth, totally reflecting, non-metallic interface provides a momentum kick parallel to the surface, which can be used to refract light negatively or positively. This new mechanism of negative refraction is demonstrated by visible light and microwave experiments on...

We report three-dimensional index-of-refraction measurements in a methane-air slot diffusion flame and a methane-air slot subsonic jet using beam-deflection optical tomography. The horizontal and vertical spatial resolutions are 0.26 and 0.635 mm, respectively. The peak temperature is calculated from the index-of-refraction map for the flame and compared with thermocouple temperature measurements.

Abstract A big earthquake may induce flow liquefaction phenomena in lowland areas made up of sedimentary deposits. To understand the factors controlling such a hazard, it is necessary to have knowledge sub-surface geological conditions liquified area. This paper presents results series seismic refraction measurements Lolu Village where occurred during 2018 Palu-Donggala earthquake. The tomograp...

Cesium iodide (CsI) melt was injected into anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template and was solidified to CsI column. The controllable AAO channel size (10~500 nm) can makes CsI column size from 10 to 500 nm in diameter. In order to have a shorter light irradiate from each singe CsI column top to bottom the AAO template was coated a TiO2 nano-film. The TiO2 film acts a refraction film and makes X-r...

PURPOSE To conduct a clinical validation of a virtual reality-based experimental system that is able to assess the spherical subjective refraction simplifying the methodology of ocular refraction. METHODS For the agreement assessment, spherical refraction measurements were obtained from 104 eyes of 52 subjects using three different methods: subjectively with the experimental prototype (Subj.E...

Scientific objective of this research is to understand acoustic wave propagation in a dynamic environment in two different frequency bands: (a) Low frequency band (50 Hz to 500 Hz). The subject of interest in this band is to assess the effect of environment anisotropy on acoustic wave propagation, with an emphasis on the separation of different effects due to horizontal refraction and mode coup...