This paper proposes a structural VAR model which extends the frameworks of Hoffmaister and Roldós (2001) and Prasad (1999). The model is then used to analyse the sources of China’s trade balance fluctuations in the period of 1985–2000. Efforts are made to distinguish the forces which underlie the long-run trend in trade balance from those with transitory impacts. The effects of four types of sh...

abstract:this study examines the significant impact of exchange rate shock on prices of malaysian importsand exports. in methodology, the study adopts vector error correction (vecm) model using monthlydata of nominal exchange rates, money supply, prices of imports and prices of exports covering theperiod of m1:1999 to m12:2006. for further analysis, we adopt an innovation accounting bysimulatin...

Almost all major companies are embedded in complex, global supply networks, consisting of multiple nested supply chains, and building up a high level of complexity. Exogenous shocks on these networks (e.g. natural disasters) can directly and indirectly impact companies and even cause their entire supply network to fail. However, today it is extremely difficult for a company to predict the actua...

Wage hikes affect production costs and hence are usually analysed as supply shocks. There is, however, a long-standing debate about demand effects of wage variations. In this paper, we bring together these two arguments in a Kaldorian model with group specific saving rates and a production technology that allows for redistribution between workers and entrepreneurs following a wage hike. We ther...

abstract this study uses annual data over the period 2005-2014 and the panel vecm approach to examine financial inclusion and monetary policy effectiveness in africa. the study shows that financial inclusion and monetary policy effectiveness are linked by a set of long-run relationships. policy reaction to the positive financial inclusion shock is not significant. policy reaction to the positiv...

■ Wide supply voltage, 1.71 V to 3.6 V ■ Independent IOs supply (1.8 V) and supply voltage compatible ■ Ultra low-power consumption ■ ±2g/±4g/±6g/±8g/±16g dynamically selectable full-scale ■ I2C/SPI digital output interface ■ 16-bit data output ■ Programmable embedded state machines ■ Embedded temperature sensor ■ Embedded self-test ■ Embedded FIFO ■ 10000 g high shock survivability ■ ECOPACK® ...

■ Wide supply voltage, 1.71 V to 3.6 V ■ Independent IOs supply (1.8 V) and supply voltage compatible ■ Ultra low-power consumption ■ ±2g/±4g/±6g/±8g/±16g dynamically selectable full-scale ■ I2C/SPI digital output interface ■ 16-bit data output ■ Programmable embedded state machines ■ Embedded temperature sensor ■ Embedded self-test ■ Embedded FIFO ■ 10000 g high shock survivability ■ ECOPACK® ...

This paper develops the …rst dynamic, stochastic, general equilibrium analysis of the International Great Depression. We construct a new version of Lucas’s (1972) monetary misperceptions model, with a real shock (productivity) and a nominal shock (money supply). We use the model with a newly assembled panel data set from 17 countries between 1929-33 to quantify the fraction of output change and...

Shock is the clinical state resulting from poor supply of oxygen to the tissues, or the inability of the tissues to use oxygen. Shock is a mechanism of the body to attempt to return itself to ‘normal’. Shock progresses from a compensated stage, to decompensation and then becomes irreversible. Thus sensible intervention is likely to be successful in those animals in compensated and early decompe...