The tensile properties of sulfonated polyoxadiazoles have been studied as a function of molecular weight and sulfonation level. All sulfonated polyoxadiazoles synthesized through a polycondensation reaction of the hydrazine sulphate salt and a dicarboxylic acid in poly(phosphoric acid) exhibit rigid-ductile behavior with high Young’s modulus (3-4 GPa) and with larger elongations at break (up to...

the muscle-like technology would be of enormous advantages for biomedical applications such as medical implants and human assist devices. ionic polymer metal composites (ipmcs) are one kind of biomimetic actuators. an ionic polymer metal composite composed from an ionomer with high ion exchange capacity that packed between two thin metal layers. in the present study we focused on the preparatio...

Two sulfonated resorcinarenes were synthesized by reacting C-tetra(butyl) resorcinarene or C-tetra(2-(methylthio)ethyl)resorcinarene with formaldehyde in the presence of sodium sulfite. Their structures were determined via FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. Thermal gravimetric analyses of the derivatives were also carried out and revealed the presence of water molecules in the solid ...

A series of novel glycol-clusters containing sulfonated N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) have been synthesized using click chemistry. Three dendrimers with aromatic dendrons were synthesized using chlorination, azidation and click chemistries. The resulting dendrimers were modified with azide-terminated sulfonated GlcNAc using click chemistry. The sulfonated dendrimers showed affinity for protei...

Sulfonated cellulose beads were prepared by oxidation of Cladophora nanocellulose to 2,3-dialdehyde cellulose followed by sulfonation using bisulfite. The physicochemical properties of the sulfonated beads, i.e., high surface area, high degree of oxidation, spherical shape, and the possibility of tailoring the porosity, make them interesting candidates for the development of immunosorbent platf...

Sulfonated Zn phthalocyanine, as a prospective photosensitizer in the photodynamic therapy of tumors, is investigated by means of Raman, infrared, and fluorescence spectroscopies. Conventional and surface-enhanced spectra from this photosensitizer are obtained and compared. Gold nano-islands attached to silica cores (Au-SiO2) are proposed as nanostructures providing plasmonically enhanced signa...

A novel sulfonated diamine was synthesized from 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy) benzene [pBAB]. Sulfonated polyimides (SPIs) were synthesized from sulfonated pBAB, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy-2-sulfonic acid) benzenesulfonic acid [pBABTS], various diamines and aromatic dianhydrides. Composite proton exchange membranes (PEMs) made of novel SPIs and a protic ionic liquid (PIL) 1-vinyl-3-H-imidazolium trifluor...

The development of a platinum-free catalyst is one of the challenging issues for the global commercialization of fuel cell systems. Here we describe the design and synthesis of nitrogen-containing calcined polybenzimidazole/carbon nanotube hybrids that act as an oxygen reduction catalyst.

In this study, a triblock copolymer, poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene), was sulfonated to eight different levels ranging from 0.36 to 2.04 mequiv./g (13 to 82 mol% of styrene; styrene is 19 mol% of the unsulfonated block copolymer). These sulfonated polymers were characterized with elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy to confirm sulfonation and determine accurate sulfonation levels. Inf...