The bleaching in 1997 and 1998 left the largest damage to the coral reefs in Okinawa Islands, Japan. Among these coral reefs, some corals were recovered to 2000 and others were completely damaged and no further recovery is expected. The environmental changes, forced those damages, are still under discussion among the increase of water temperature, increase of sediments or turbidity, and other a...

In this study, experimental data from two artwork specimens was acquired and processed by pulsed phase thermography (PPT) and holographic interferometry. The first specimen was a wood painting with a variety of damages typical of this kind of pieces. A comparative study between thermography and interferometry results showed the potential complementarities of both techniques. The second inspecte...

Most of artificial structures are made by carbon steel plates, and are facing the possibility of corrosion. Paint coatings are applied to the surface of the steel plate structures in order to resist rust and corrosion. However, because of long-term usage, rust progresses from small scratches of the coating film and is leading to debonding of structure. In last decades, Lamb waves have been stud...

The modern concept of the evolution Mars assumes that life could potentially have originated on planet Mars, possibly during end late heavy bombardment, and then be transferred to other planets. Since then, physical chemical conditions changed now strongly limit presence terrestrial-like forms. These adverse include scarcity liquid water (although brine solutions may exist), low temperature atm...

Abstract. In 2008, excavations at Herodium revealed magnificent secco wall paintings and stucco decorations adorning the central chamber top of royal theatre. The paintings, dated to first century B.C.E., have been preserved up a height 6 meters. However, shortly after discovery, salts weathering structural faults caused severe damages decorations. conservation process restore lasted almost dec...