introduction: substance abuse/dependency is one of the most important comorbidity in bipolar patients. therefore, recognizing the patterns of substance use is valuable in treatment and management of patients. this study was conducted to determine patterns of substance abuse among bipolar patients who were hospitalized in an educational hospital. methods : this was a descriptive-analytical study...

background : family functioning is considered to have a significant impact on the beginnings and maintenance of substance use. objectives the main purpose of this study was to examine and compare the dimensions of family functioning among addicted and non-addicted individuals. patients and methods in this cross-sectional study, the study sample consisted of 228 individuals, including 118 addict...

conclusions metacognitive regulation strategies are more considerable prediction than emotional regulation strategies in sd group than in ad group. individuals with ad use alcohol as a means of both cognitive and emotional regulation strategy. patients and methods according to dsm-iv tr criteria, 45 patients with alcohol dependence (ad), 44 patients with substance dependence (sd), and 43 volunt...

head trauma and brain injury are common causes of emergency cases, and predispose multiple psychiatric complications. the head trauma, itself, often occurs after some psychiatric disorders, like mood or substance related disorders. so, the complex interaction of these factors often causes difficulties in diagnosis and management of the patients. the side effects of surgical and medical treatmen...

introduction & objective: substance abuse is believed to be one of the greatest social, economical ,and cultural problems all over the world and it is commonly observed among all social classes especially among mental disorder patients. substance abuse can influence on the receptive-mental states such as mood and on the external visible activities such as behaviors. the aim of this study is to ...

ôbjective: substance use among university students is a mental health concern. the aim of the current study was to assess prevalence and motivations for substance use in a sample of dentistry students at shiraz üniversity of medical sciences in ïran. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on all (236) dentistry students. data was collected using a confidential multiple-choice questio...

SUMMARY Seismic inversion produces model estimates which are at most unique in an average sense. The model resolution matrix quantiies the spatial extent over which the estimate averages the true model. Although the resolution matrix has traditionally been deened in terms of the singular value decomposition of the discretized forward problem, this computation is prohibitive for inverse problems...

background thymus species are well known medicinal plants which the previous studies suggested the involvement of the opioid system in them. objectives this study aimed to investigate the effects of methanolic extract and essential oil of aerial parts of thymus daenensis (td), an endemic aromatic medicinal plant of iran, on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice. materials and methods experiments...