BACKGROUND We determined whether pulmonary gas exchange indices during submaximal exercise are different in heart failure (HF) patients with combined post- and pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PPC-PH) versus HF patients with isolated post-capillary PH (IPC-PH) or no PH. METHODS AND RESULTS Pulmonary hemodynamics and pulmonary gas exchange were assessed during rest and submaximal exercise...

1. The results of studies during simple progressive exercise to exhaustion and steady-state submaximal exercise in 117 boys and girls aged 6-16 years are presented. 2. In the simple progressive exercise test, the highest work load achieved and the submaximal heart rate were related to size and sex. The maximum heart rate and submaximal ventilation were largely independent of size and sex. 3. St...

Little evidence exists with regard to changes in cardiac strain that occur during submaximal exercise in young males. The aims of the study were to evaluate the changes that occur in longitudinal (L), radial (R), and endocardial circumferential (EC) strain during submaximal upright cycle ergometry and to examine the test-retest reproducibility of these measurements. Fourteen recreationally acti...

Fatigability is highly task dependent wherein motor unit (MU) discharge rates and recruitment thresholds are affected differently depending on whether contractions are performed at maximal or submaximal intensities. Although much is described for isometric tasks, the behavior of MU properties during the production of maximal velocity dynamic contractions following submaximal fatiguing contracti...