the purpose of this study was to analyse the prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis risk factors and to analyse the t-score variability in spine and hip according to the associated risk factors.this is a retrospective study (2003-2007) including 177 female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. the patients were separated in seven groups according to the number of risk factors per case. ...

background: population attributable fraction (paf) is one of the most practical measures for estimating the burden of risk factors with some challenges in its calculation. cardiovascular disease (cvd) is the first cause of death worldwide and the estimation of accurate pafs for cvd risk factors is of great importance in conducting preventive strategies. our aim was to estimate the pafs of cvd r...

background: infertility is common among couples of child-bearing age and ap-proximately half of known causes of primary infertility are attributable to male factor. it is still unclear whether the injurious effects of cigarette smoking on sperm characteristics and infertility are due to nicotine. therefore, the present study investigated the effects of orally administered of nicotine on sperm c...

background: asphyxia is a medical condition in which placental or pulmonary gas exchange is impaired or they cease all together, typically producing a combination of progressive hypoxemia and hypercapnea. objective: in addition to regional differences in its etiology; it is important to know its risk factors. materials and methods: this is a case-control study, all neonates born from may 2002 t...

background: cholera is considered a key indicator of social development but still is reported in various cities of iran. the present study aimed to analyze the available information regarding cholera outbreaks since 2010 in iran. methods: all cases reported to the center for disease control and prevention of ministry of health and education who had been confirmed as cholera cases by the health ...

background cardiovascular disease is the world´s leading cause of death and elevated serum iron and ferritin have been proposed as a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (ami) in recent years. this study was done to determine the relationship between serum iron and ferritin with ami and its role on early coronary vessels disorder. material and methods in this cross-sectional study, total...

geographic tongue is a benign disorder involving the dorsal surface of the tongue characterized by depapillated areas with leading and folded edges in yellowish or grayish white color and sometimes with unclear borders. many studies have reported a relationship between such condition and different risk factors. this study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate and the risk factors of geograph...

background: improving the knowledge of healthcare providers towards different aspects of breast cancer leads to appropriate management and screening of disease. this study aimed to investigate the knowledge of breast cancer risk factors among a cohort of nurses in iran. materials and methods: the target group of the present study was 243 consecutive nurses (27 males and 216 females) at two refe...

background crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne disease caused by arbovirus which can be transmitted to human by several routes. tick bite and living in a rural area have been the most common factors for inception of cchf in adults and children in studies reported from iran. objectives this study was conducted to detect the disease acquisition routes among children with confir...