In this paper we characterise the structural transition in random mappings with in-degree restrictions. Specifically, for integers 0 6 r 6 n, we consider a random mapping model T̂ r n from [n] = {1, 2, . . . , n} into [n] such that Ĝn, the directed graph on n labelled vertices which represents the mapping T̂ r n , has r vertices that are constrained to have in-degree at most 1 and the remaining v...

The transition to market-based economic systems in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union involves fundamental shifts in the allocation of resources and deep changes in the structure of production and employment. This paper uses a simple model of economic development and structural change with technology spillovers to benchmark structural change in the transitio...

The induction-guided falsification searches a bounded reachable state space of a transition system for a counterexample that the system satisfies an invariant property. If no counterexamples are found, it tries to verify that the system satisfies the property by mathematical induction on the structure of the reachable state space of the system, from which some other invariant properties may be ...

The phase transition sequence in PbZrO3-based ceramics can be readily altered by chemical modification. In Pb0.99Nb0.02[(Zr0.57Sn0.43)(0.92)Ti-0.08](0.98)O-3 (PNZST 43/8/2), the sequence is ferroelectricantiferroelectric-paraelectric during heating, while in Pb0.99Nb0.02 (Zr0.85Sn0.13Ti0.02)(0.98)O-3 (PNZST 13/2/2), it is antiferroelectric-ferroelectric-paraelectric during heating. The electroc...

Knowledge transfer (KT) is an evolutionary process that requires embedding into and assistance from organizational culture. Since the determinants and influence path of KT regarding cultural change are not clear, this study designs a path model from organizational culture to KT through organizational characteristics. The findings demonstrate that the sociability factors of organizational cultur...

where n is the forcing function. In our problems, the mass and stiffness matrices are symmetric with the former semidefinite and the latter being positive definite. (We have ignored the damping term for now but it will be relevant in future.) The forcing function n is a product of a vector f that specifies the spatial distribution of the force and a scalar function g(t) that governs the tempora...

Phase transitions caused by the charge instability between the neutral and ionic phases of compounds, i.e., N-I phase transitions, provide avenues for switching the intrinsic properties of compounds related to electron/spin correlation and dipole generation as well as charge distribution. However, it is extremely difficult to control the transition temperature (Tc) for the N-I phase transition,...