abstract aim and background: the aims of this study were to investigate risk factors for suicide attempte and compered it’s with non attempters. methods and materials: in a case-control study, 120 individuals suiside attempeter who had presented to shahid madani in the city of azarshahr were compered with 140 control who were selected using conveniennce sampling, and were matched by a number of...

There are extensive bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS), and studies demonstrate that stressor exposure significantly alters gut microbiota community structure. We tested whether oligosaccharides naturally found in high levels in human milk, which have been reported to impact brain development and enhance the growth of beneficial commensal ...

Greater increases in negative affect and greater decreases in positive affect on days stressors occur portend poorer mental and physical health years later. Although personality traits influence stressor-related affect, only neuroticism and extraversion among the Big Five personality traits have been examined in any detail. Moreover, personality traits may shape how people appraise daily stress...

Plasma cortisol and glucose levels were measured in 36 adult Nile tilapia males, Oreochromis niloticus (standard length, mean +/- SD, 14.38 +/- 1.31 cm), subjected to electroshock and social stressors. Pre-stressor levels were determined 5 days after the adjustment of the fish to the experimental aquaria (1 fish/aquarium). Five days later, the effects of stressors on both cortisol and glucose l...

Concern is growing about the potential effects of interacting multiple stressors, especially as the global climate changes. We provide a comprehensive review of multiple stressor interactions in coral reef ecosystems, which are widely considered to be one of the most sensitive ecosystems to global change. First, we synthesized coral reef studies that examined interactions of two or more stresso...

Previous studies have shown that repeated daily exposure to the same (homotypic) stressor results in habituation of the corticosterone (CORT) response. Others have found that the stress response to a more ethologically relevant stressor, social defeat, does not habituate and, in some cases, sensitisation has been observed. Similar observations have been noted when core temperature is examined. ...

This study aimed to investigate prevalence and correlates of alcohol consumption frequency in a sample of Swiss conscripts (n=25,611) in order to identify factors that predispose for frequent consumption. A self-report of drinking frequencies, as well as socio-demographic and psychosocial variables, was collected at psychiatric baseline screening. Based on univariate analyses, relevant variable...

KEY POINTS ➢ Studies suggest a substantial minority of healthy older adults have hallucinatory experiences, in line with existing evidence on hallucinations in other age groups, though it is still unclear if hallucination prevalence increases or declines with age in older cohorts.➢ Stigma attached to both hallucinations and ageing leads to considerable under-reporting of these experiences in he...

Understanding the mechanisms that explain the pervasive association between socioeconomic status and health has been identified as an important area of research. Using the 1994-1995 National Population Health Survey, this study examines whether exposure to psychosocial stressors may be one mediating mechanism of the social gradient in health. Data were obtained including indicators of socioecon...