Abstract Labrador Slope Water (LSLW) is a relatively fresh and cool water mass that originates from the Current in subarctic known to occur Eastern Sea on US-Canadian shelf-slope north of Gulf Stream. It has potential densities 27.4–27.65 kg m −3 . Using ocean observations, we show here LSLW penetrates as boundary current deeply into Western (west 66°W) salinity minimum between 400 600 m, bring...

Marine-based ice streams whose beds deepen inland are thought to be inherently unstable1–3. This instability is of particular concern because significant portions of the marinebased West Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets are losing mass and their retreat could contribute significantly to future sea-level rise4–7. However, the present understanding of icestream stability is limited by observati...

[1] Erosion by bedrock river channels is commonly modeled with the stream power equation. We present a two-part approach to solving this nonlinear equation analytically and explore the implications for evolving river profiles. First, a method for non-dimensionalizing the stream power equation transforms river profiles in steady state with respect to uniform uplift into a straight line in dimens...

A set of GIS tools has been developed (Road Sediment Analysis Model, RSAM) to analyze and quantify the impacts of forest roads on forested watersheds. RSAM is organized into three modules. In the first module sediment production for each road segment is calculated from slope, length, road surface condition and road side drain vegetation. A GPS gathered road condition inventory provides surface ...

Stream ecosystems are especially vulnerable to climate warming because most aquatic organisms are ectothermic and live in dendritic networks that are easily fragmented. Many bioclimatic models predict significant range contractions in stream biotas, but subsequent biological assessments have rarely been done to determine the accuracy of these predictions. Assessments are difficult because model...

Slope is one of a crucial terrain variables in spatial analysis and land use planning, especially in China Loess Plateau area where suffer from serious soil erosion disasters. DEM based slope extracting method has been widely accepted and applied in practice. However slope accuracy derived per this method usually does not match with their popularity. A quantitative simulation to slope data unce...